Cleber Furlanetto

Efeito de manipueira sobre Meloidogyne incognita em ensaios in vitro e em tomateiros em casa de vegetação

The aim of this work was to study the nematicidal effect of manipueira on the control of Meloidogyne incognita. In vitro tests were split into two completely randomized assays: 1. manipueira 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% in 12 replications; 2. manipueira 15%, 10%, 8%, 6%, 4% and 2% in 5 replications. The pot assay followed a completely randomized design with the treatments manipueira 10%, 25% and 50% in 5 replications. For both assays the positive control was water and the negative control was the nematicide Carbofuran (50 mg.L-1 of active ingredient (a.i.) or 2 g of commercial product/pot). For in vitro assays the variables assessed were live or dead nematodes and number of galls on inoculated plants. For the pot assay the variables evaluated were plant height, root length, number of galls, number of eggs and reproduction factor (RF). The in vitro results indicated that only the manipueira treatments from 100% to 10% dilution showed maximum control. The pot assay demonstrated that the treatment manipueira 50% caused better development of tomato shoots than the others. However, manipueira 10% and 25% were more effective against of M. incognita in pots.

Some coelomycetes from Central Brazil.

As part of an inventory of mycodiversity in the Brazilian Cerrado new coelomycetes were collected and are herein described: Phyllosticta xylopiae-sericeae sp. nov., Dinemasporium duguetiae sp. nov., Harknessia salvertiana sp. nov., Harknessia qualeae sp. nov. on living leaves of Xylopia sericea, Duguetia furfuracea, Salvertia convallariodora, and Qualea grandiflora, respectively. Pseudothiopsella hirtellae is reported on a new host, Hirtella gracilipes, and for the first time illustrated in detail.

Some Pseudocercospora species and a new Prathigada species from the Brazilian cerrado

Pseudocercospora bolkanii sp. nov., and P. luzardii sp. nov., were collected in the Brazilian cerrado on leaves of Strychnos pseudoquina , and Hancornia speciosa , respectively. Prathigada backmanii sp. nov., is described on leaf spots of Bowdichia virgilioides. Pseudocercospora curatellae on Curatella americana is illustrated in detail.

Rhinocladium pulchrum, a new record for Brazil and new combinations in Rhinocladium

Rhinocladium pulchrum on dead bark is, for the first time, collected and illustrated from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Conoplea abietina and C. mangenotii, both lacking discrete lateral conidiogenous cells on the conidiophores, are transferred to new combinations in Rhinocladium.

Genetic variability in field populations of the soybean cyst nematode from the states of Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

ABSTRACT Genetic variability in field populations of the soybean cyst nematode from the states of Parana and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil This work aimed to study the genetic variability in populations of the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, using polycystic and monocystic populations for inoculation on differential hosts. Cysts of H. glycines were extracted from soil samples collected in soybean plantations from the counties of Cruz Alta RS and Porto Mendes PR and from Novo Horizonte PR, district of Marechal Cândido Rondon, with further inoculation of eggs and J2 on differential hosts. The differential host reaction, using polycystic inoculum, allowed only the identification of the prevalent race or the race with highest population within each sample. In the sample of Cruz Alta only race 3 was detected and in the sample of Porto Mendes only race 6. However, it was not possible to identify the prevalent race of H. glycines in the sample of Novo Horizonte. Nevertheless, when the genetic variability of SCN was studied within each population, using inoculum from populations built up from single cysts, races 6 and 3 were detected in the sample of Cruz Alta, races 6, 5 and 2 from Porto Mendes and races 10 and 6 from Novo Horizonte. Therefore, the monocystic process allowed to know the race diversity in the samples studied.

Meloidogyne spp. populations from native Cerrado and soybean cultivated areas: genetic variability and aggressiveness

A significant portion of the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) has been replaced by major crops such as soybean. This may reveal populations of nematodes with different genetic backgrounds compared to cultivated fields. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the genetic variability and aggressiveness of isolates of Meloidogyne spp., contrasting nematodes from preserved areas of the Cerrado with those originating from cultivated soybean fields. Cluster analysis separated isolates of Meloidogyne spp. and isolates from Cerrado and soybean but did not separate an aggressive Meloidogyne morocciensis isolate. The aggressiveness of six selected populations of Meloidogyne spp. from Cerrado and soybean against soybean cultivars was evaluated. Results showed that populations of M. javanica and M. incognita from Cerrado and soybean showed similar aggressiveness. However, for M. morocciensis , the population from soybean was much more aggressive than the one from Cerrado. Aggressiveness is a very intriguing subject that needs special attention for future research in nematology.

Native-plant hosts of Meloidogyne spp. from Western Paraná, Brazil

The present study was focused on the parasitism of Meloidogyne species on the roots of native nursery plants from the Atlantic forest. Native plants were selected from a commercial nursery in Western Parana, searching for the natural infection of Meloidogyne. Also, the seeds of native plants were cultivated in sterile soil and inoculated with M. incognita. In both the experiments, the number of galls and number of eggs and J2 per root, allied to the reproduction factor of M. incognita on each inoculated plant were assessed. Natural infection by M. javanica was found on Cordia ecalyculata, Citharexyllum myrianthum and Aspidosperma subincanum and by M. incognita on Croton urucurana, Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus, Tabebuia impetiginosa and T. serratifolia. Meloidogyne incognita induced galls formation on Genipa americana, Schinus terebinthifolius and Rollinia mucosa after inoculation, which suggested that those plants could host this nematode in natural biomes. Nursery soil should be disinfested before seeding the native forest plants for reforestation purposes

Desenvolvimento das culturas de soja, milho e trigo cultivadas em áreas infestadas com o nematoide Tubixaba tuxaua no Oeste do Paraná

The aim of this work was to study the damage caused by Tubixaba tuxaua on soybean, corn and wheat crops, grown in Western Parana, Brazil. Field experiments were carried out in four rural areas localized in the counties of Marechal Cândido Rondon and Quatro Pontes. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments, pieces of land established within spots containing T. tuxaua and stunted plants, and control pieces of land established 30 meters away from the trouble-spots and containing plants showing satisfactory growth. Each treatment had five replications. For the wheat crop the variables plant height, spikelet length, fresh mass, dry mass and 100 grain weight were evaluated; for the corn crop plant height, cob length, cob diameter, stalk diameter and grain productivity; and for soybean plant height, root length, number of pods per plant and grain productivity. The results showed differences between pieces of land established within spots and control pieces of land for the three crops and the variables studied. The best correlation values were found for the variables dry mass, fresh mass and grain productivity for the three crops and plant height for soybean.