Cloud Kennedy Couto de Sá

Fatores associados ao sobrepeso em adultos acompanhados por uma unidade de saúde da família

The objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with overweight in adults and the frequencies of these factors. The sample comprised 101 adults, all aged ≥ 18 years, 75 (74.0%) females and 26 (26.0%) males, registered at a Family Health Center (FHC) in the town of Jequie, and distributed proportionally throughout the FHC’s seven sub-areas. Patients were defi ned as overweight if their body mass index (BMI) was ≥ 25kg/m². The proportion of overweight people was calculated for the whole sample and for each of the associated variables (age, sex, occupation, educational level, number of meals per day, smoking, alcoholism, arterial hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and habitual level of physical activity). The chi-square test was applied to test associations between the variables and the proportion of overweight to a signifi cance level of 5% (p ≤ 0.05). the overall frequency of overweight was 28.0%, and this was more prevalent only among individuals who do not consume alcoholic beverages, although the comparison between those with and without hypertension was borderline (p = 0.052). The results of this study suggest a need for further investigation into the effect of alcoholic beverages on the nutritional status of adults and for implementation of nutritional vigilance strategies at this FHC, with special attention given to hypertense patients.

Mortalidade por doença cardíaca hipertensiva nas macrorregiões brasileiras

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are in first place among the causes of death in Brazil. Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) describes a target-organ response spectrum, which includes coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure and arrhythmias. Objective: To carry out an epidemiological analysis of mortality by HHD in the Brazilian regions. Materials and Methods: Descriptive population-based study of mortality rates with secondary data, as well as comparative analysis between the Brazilian regions using the following variables: gender, age group, year of death, color/race and education. Results: There was a large increase in crude mortality rates from 40 to 59 years. HHD occurred mainly in brown people in the North, Northeast and Midwest, and whites in the South and Southeast regions, probably due to greater predominance of these phenotypes in their respective areas. Regarding sex, mortality was high in both. The number of deaths is inversely proportional to the number of years of schooling in all regions, with the highest values in the illiterate group. Conclusion: We have observed that, as age increases, there is an elevated mortality rate, especially where there is a greater insecurity in health care, control, follow-up and preventive measures, as well as in mechanisms of funding transfer, such as in the Northeast.

Continuous or Interval Training and Inflammatory Response in Obese Women

Background: Recent studies have shown probable benefits of high intensity, predominantly anaerobic activities in fat oxidation capacity. However, the effect of predominantly anaerobic exercise in reducing obesity and inflammatory condition is still little known. Objectives: To assess the effects of aerobic vs. anaerobic training on the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in women with central obesity, and the association of CRP levels with body composition. Methods: Randomized clinical trial with a population composed of adult, sedentary women with central obesity, enrolled at the Teaching-Care Outpatient Facility of Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saude Publica. A group of 19 women was randomly divided into two groups: Continuous training (CT intensity at 20% of the ventilatory threshold VT) or Interval Training (IT 2-minute stimulus at 120% of VT and 2-minute recovery at 80% of VT) for 10 weeks, twice a week, 20-40-minute sessions. A medical and physical, laboratory and cardiopulmonary assessment was carried out before and after the intervention. Results: Median CRP levels were, respectively, before and after training: CT: 2.2 mg/L (0.6-4.1 mg/L) vs. 2.1 mg/L (0.8-5.5 mg/L) p=0.75; IT: 3.9 mg/L (0.7-8.6 mg/L) vs. 3.2 mg/L (1.2-5.7 mg/L) p=0.90. There was no significant difference when comparing the delta (Δ) CRP levels between groups, p=0.49. There was no association between CRP levels and other pre-intervention variables. Conclusion: Low-volume exercise programs, regardless of their intensity, do not change CRP levels in women with central obesity.

Prevalência de doenças crônicas degenerativas em usuários de uma unidade de saúde da família do município de Jequié-Ba - doi:10.5020/18061230.2007.p92

The present study had as objective to verify the prevalence of the main degenerative chronic illnesses (hypertension, diabetes, arthropaties, cancer and arteriovenous illnesses) in users of a Family Health Unit (FHU) of the city of Jequie -BA. It was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 101 adults ?18 years old, registered and proportionally distributed among the seven micro areas of FHU, being 75 (74.0%) female. From the collected data in domicile and citizens’ given information by means of a questionnaire, the prevalence of chronic illnesses was calculated in its total and by sex. The differences between sexes were verified using the chi-square test and the Fisher accurate test, with a significance level of 5%. The age of the individuals varied from 18 to 88 years old (39.9±18.5 years old), being 57% with age of 18 to 39 years old, 83% with low schooling and 68% with active occupation. Amongst the participants of the study, 40% reported presence of some type of chronic illness. The percentages of people bearing hypertension, diabetes and arthropaties were 29%, 4% and 18%, respectively; thore was not any case of cancer and only 2% related arteriovenous illnesses. There were no statistical differences between the sexes in relation to the prevalence of any illness. New studies with associations between diverse variables are suggested, so that it might be possible to develop a better understanding of factors that tend to influence in the determination of degenerative chronic illnesses.