Cristina Barona Dorado

Peri‐implant tissue reactions to immediate nonocclusal loaded implants with different collar design: an experimental study in dogs

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate bone remodelling and soft tissue reactions around immediate nonocclusal loaded implants with different collar configuration in beagle dogs. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mandibular bilateral second, third and fourth premolars of six beagle dogs were extracted. After 3 months of healing, four implants were placed in the mandibles of each dog. Randomly, two implants with a 1.5 mm polished surface collar (TSA, control group) and two implants with a 0.7 mm polished surface collar and 2.5 mm microthreaded area (TSAA, test group) were inserted. Both groups were treated with a minimal mucoperiosteal flap elevation approach. Impressions were taken and two single screw-retained restorations were inserted in each hemi-mandible 2 days after the implant placement. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 2 and 3 months (two specimens each), and biopsies were obtained. Samples were processed for ground sectioning. Histomorphometric analysis was carried out to compare buccal and lingual bone height loss and soft tissue behaviour between the two groups. RESULTS Crestal bone resorption was significantly higher in the control group (P > 0.05). The establishment of the biological width showed similar outcomes for both groups. Only the distance from the top of the peri-implant mucosa to the apical portion of the barrier epithelium at lingual aspect was significantly more pronounced in the control group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The alterations that occurred in the peri-implant tissues were related to the adaptation that occurred after the loading conditions in both groups. The microthread design might have an effect in maintaining the marginal bone loss against loading.

Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: A Presentation of 14 Cases

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to present a series of clinical cases on glossopharyngeal neuralgia as well as the therapeutic approach used. PATIENTS AND METHODS This observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was carried out on 14 patients who were diagnosed with glossopharyngeal neuralgia between the years 1997 and 2007 at the Oral-Facial and Implant Surgery Department and at the Otorhinolaryngology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery Departments of the Madrid University Hospital. RESULTS The study consisted of 8 women and 6 men. The neuralgia was found predominantly on the left side, and considering the 4 areas of topographical distribution into which the distribution of the ninth nerve is divided, the results of our study showed that the maximum of the areas affected was 3, with 2 areas being the most common. Accompanying symptoms were only recorded in 4 of the cases. In 12 of the cases, initial treatment was with prescription drugs consisting of different doses of carbamazepine. In the remaining cases, or once the other course of treatment was proven to be unsuccessful, surgical treatment was used, applying different techniques and obtaining a high rate of success with them. CONCLUSIONS Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is an uncommon pathology that is treated with medicine or surgery, with carbamazepine and vascular microdecompression being the treatments of choice.

Pre‐operative measurement of the volume of bone graft in sinus lifts using CompuDent

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to calculate the volume of graft necessary for rehabilitation using varying lengths of implants, and to evaluate the usefulness of the planning dental software in determining the pre-operative volume of bone graft in maxillary sinus floor lifts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using the CompuDent program, we calculated the volume of graft necessary for 62 sinus lifts. This volume was measured to raise the floor of each sinus to 13.4 and 15 mm in height. RESULTS The average volume of graft to achieve a lift of 13.4 mm was 2.61 ± 0.69 cm³ for the right maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.38-4.1 cm³, and 2.68 ± 0.81 cm³ for the left maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.1-4.25 cm³. The average volume of graft to achieve a lift of 15 mm was 3.13 ± 0.75 cm³ for the right maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.59-4.81 cm³, and 3.29 ± 1.02 cm³ for the left maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.48-5.11 cm³. The statistical results showed a significant inversely proportional correlation between the average of the heights and the volume of graft in the right sinus. CONCLUSIONS The planning dental software is an effective tool in determining the volume of bone graft given the tools simplicity, rapidness and possibility of standardization in all pre-surgical procedures.

Biological response to porcine xenograft implants: an experimental study in rabbits

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a new porcine biomaterial and collagen paste in 20 New Zealand rabbits. Materials and Methods: Forty implants using a porcine xenograft made up of 80% corticocancellous collagenated bone particles of ⩽300 &mgr;m in size were placed in the proximal metaphyseal area of both tibiae. Four periods of time were formed: 1h, 5, 8, and 15 months. After implantation, an anteroposterior and lateral radiological study was carried out. Samples were sectioned at 5 &mgr;m and stained using hematoxylin-eosin, Massons trichromic, and Gordon-Switt reticulin stains. Results: These results confirmed the biocompatibility of this porcine biomaterial-collagen paste; only a few, occasional macrophages and scattered lymphocytes were observed. No fibrosis was observed between the implants and the bone. Moreover, the material was osteoconductive acting as a “scaffold” for bone cells, and there was a progressive increase in bone growth in and around the implants. Conclusion: This new porcine biomaterial-collagen paste seemed to be biocompatible, bioresorbable, and osteoconductive.

Dental considerations in diagnosis of maxillary sinus carcinoma

BACKGROUND Maxillary sinus carcinoma is a rare entity with an incidence of 0.2% and a low patient survival rate due to the frequency of late diagnosis. METHODS In this multicenter, transversal, retrospective, observational study, the authors analyzed patients who had received a diagnosis of maxillary sinus carcinoma, registering their oral symptoms, histologic type, treatment efficacy, and survival rate. RESULTS Maxillary sinus carcinoma was diagnosed in 24 patients (15 men and 9 women), of which 75% were squamous cell carcinomas. All patients had dental mobility, and some had swelling, orosinus fistula, or some dental loss. Mean patient survival rate was 38.83 months. CONCLUSIONS A history of pain or swelling of unknown origin, an unexplained widening of periodontal ligament space, or mobility of the teeth should be considered warning signs of maxillary sinus carcinoma. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Recognition of oral symptoms by the dentist would help in making an early diagnosis of maxillary sinus carcinoma, improving the patients chances of survival and quality of life.