D. G. Tochil’nikov

Polymeric materials for water-lubricated plain bearings

Results of tribological studies of modern polymeric materials (thermoplastics, thermosetting materials, composites) used to fabricate water-lubricated bearings are considered. Particular attention is given to carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics modified with powdered metals, fullerene-containing additives, and carbon nanotubes.

Structure, mechanical, and tribological characteristics of polyurethane modified with nanodiamonds

The effect of modifying additives based on detonation nanodiamonds on the tribological characteristics of polyurethane rubber is studied. Introduction of modifying additives based on detonation nanodiamonds (0.5 wt %) leads to a marked improvement in the antifriction and wear-resistance characteristics under conditions of boundary sliding friction for steel and for lubrication with water. The attained tribological characteristics (total energy loss for friction, weight loss of polymer during tribological contact, maximum admissible working pressure) are well (∼300%) above the corresponding characteristics of foreign analogs. Changes in the tribological characteristics of the formed nanocomposite material are observed, but the elastic and strength characteristics remain unchanged.

Carrying capacity of polymers and polymeric composites in water-lubricated friction against metals

On the basis of the authors’ numerous publications in the field over many years, the paper presents a retrospective review of the influence of various factors on the carrying capacity of a number of polymers and polymeric composites at boundary sliding against metals (steels and bronzes of various grades) under water lubrication.

Tribological characteristics of composites based on poly(tetrafluoroethylene) and fullerene carbon

The effect of fullerene carbon fillers on the antifriction characteristics and wear resistance of PTFE during its sliding friction on steel and water lubrication has been studied. The structures of the modified PTFE and the fullerence carbon filler are analyzed by small-angle and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The hypothetical mechanism of reinforcing effect provided by the fullerene carbon filler during friction is proposed.

Effect of C60 fullerene, fullerene-containing soot, and other carbon materials on the sliding edge friction of metals

A comparative study of different carbon materials (C60 fullerene; soot, both with and without fullerenes; graphite; and industrial carbon black) as additives to industrial lubricating oils has been carried out for copper-steel and steel-steel sliding couples. The soot containing fullerene and the powder of pure fullerene produce a noticeable improvement in the antifriction and antiwear properties of steel-steel and steel-copper couples, especially under heavy loads and pressures at the contact. The greatest improvement was observed for the steel-steel couple. Structural-mechanical studies were carried out for copper riders and it has been demonstrated by several methods that the addition of the C60 fullerene (pure fullerene or as a fullerene-containingsoot) creates a fullerene-polymer film on the frictional surface about 1000 Å thick, which has a protective effect.

Tribological properties of polytetrafluoroethylene modified with fullerene black in dry sliding friction

The effect of fullerene black introduced (after extraction of light fullerenes from the black with toluene) into polytetrafluoroethylene F-4 on its wear resistance and antifriction properties in sliding over steel at contact pressures in the range 0.2–2.0 MPa was studied.

Effect of fullerene-containing additives on the bearing capacity of fluoroplastics under friction

A modified procedure for determining the bearing capacity or maximum admissible pressure on a friction unit has been developed. The new feature of the procedure is a test of the wear capacity of a material as a function of pressure. The procedure has been tested on fluoroplastics doped with fullerene-containing soot lubricated with water. F-4 fluoroplastic with 1% fullerene-containing soot added to it shows a 30% higher bearing capacity.

Tribological behavior of polyoxymethylene in water-lubricated friction against steel

The paper presents the results of testing of block specimens of polyoxymethylene in water-lubricated sliding boundary friction against steel. Under these testing conditions, the polymer shows a combination of good antiwear and antifriction properties. With the addition of 1 wt % of fullerene soot to the polyoxymethylene, its wear rate declines considerably, while its friction coefficient remains quite low; its carrying capacity is high and the wear process is stable. The friction coefficient, wear rate, and carrying capacity of modified pilyoxymethylene are compared to those of carbon plastics under similar testing conditions.

Effect of fullerene black additives on boundary sliding friction of steel counterbodies lubricated with mineral oil

The effect of small additives of fullerene black (from 0.01 to 1 wt %) on the antifriction and anti-wear properties of a steel-steel pair lubricated with I-40A oil under boundary friction is studied. Based on the results of small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering it is suggested that more intensive dispersion of fullerene black in oil results in exposure of the crystalline grains of fullerene C60 and graphite.

Poly-p-phenyl sulfide as the material for oil-lubricated sliding bearings

Tribological analysis of two different poly-p-phenyl sulfides, with melt viscosity differing more than twofold, is performed. The tribological properties of the poly-p-phenyl sulfides are compared with those of the composites based on minced carbofibers with 0.5% of fullerene C60 by mass added into the matrix of the composites. In interpreting the tribological dependences it is especially noteworthy that the load-bearing capacity of the materials allows consideration of many of these dependences as phase diagrams.