D. Gary Miller

External influences on English : from its beginnings to the Renaissance

1. Introduction 2. Celtic, Roman, and Germanic Background 3. English: The Early Period 4. Early Loanwords From Greek and Latin 5. The Scandinavian Heritage of England 6. The French Input 7. Continuity and Revival of Classical Learning 8. External Linguistic Input to English Special Phonetic Symbols Primary Sources: Texts and Editions References

On Constraining Global Rules in Phonology.

Kiparsky 1973b proposes a number of constraints on global rules. All his examples are of the type where derived strings become separated, in terms of their behavior, from otherwise identical underlying strings. This paper will argue for cases of global rules that do not meet Kiparskys conditions. In fact, the two cases discussed violate Kiparskys conditions by applying to underlying rather than derived strings. The inescapable conclusion is that Kiparskys constraints are not valid for grammars.*