D. N. Lipatov

Spatial Heterogeneity in the Properties of High-Moor Peat Soils under Local Pyrogenesis in Northeastern Sakhalin

The structure and properties of oligotrophic peat, oligotrophic peat gley, and pyrogenic oligotrophic peat soils identified on a plot 0.5 km2 in area in the northeast of Sakhalin Island have been studied. The vertical distributions of physicochemical, chemical, and ecotoxicological parameters in the profiles of some bog soil groups have been considered. An increase in ash content, a less acid reaction, and a deficit of available nitrogen and potassium have been revealed in the upper horizons of pyrogenic soils. No accumulation of mobile heavy metals is manifested in the pyrogenic horizons of peat soils. Statistical parameters of the spatial variation in pHKCl and total acidity, as well as the contents of ash, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, mobile heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb), and benzo[a]pyrene, have been calculated for the moss and sublitter horizons. The variation coefficients are 30–100% for most of the studied parameters and reach 100–200% for available phosphorus; ammonium nitrogen; and mobile Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd. An increase in the content of benzo[a]pyrene, although without MPC exceedance, is noted in the moss of pyrogenic soils and the peat horizons untouched by fires.

Spatial variation of benzo[a]pyrene and agrozem properties in the vicinity of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk thermal power plant

The spatial variability of the density, moisture, pH, humus, and benzo[a]pyrene contamination in a structural-metamorphic agrozem within the impact zone of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk thermal power plant has been considered. The correlation of the benzo[a]pyrene content with the humus and density in the plow horizon has been revealed. The necessary numbers of sampling points for different problems of ecological monitoring have been planned.

Acid-base properties of dark gray forest soil under different wood plants and agrocenosis

AbstractA comparative study of chemical properties of soils under wood plants (pine, oak, and birch) and agrocenosis was performed. The profile distribution and spatial heterogeneity of

Adaptive Capability of the VERT_MIG Algorithm to Simulate Vertical Migration of Radionuclides in Soils

pH_{H_2 O}

Radioecological characterization of Chashnikovo Training and Experimental Soil Ecology Center, Moscow State University

, pHKCl, total acidity, and exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ in soils were described. Soil acidity conditions were characterized using discriminant analysis and principal components analysis.

Spatial variation of peat soil properties in the oil-producing region of northeastern Sakhalin

The influence of horizontal structure of spruce forest on the spatial distribution of acid-soluble Zn, Cd, Pb compounds and 137Cs in the litter and the humus horizon of soddy podzolic soil has been studied in the territory with the regional background level of industrial fallout. It has been found that the distribution pattern of Zn in the forest litter is a result of biogeochemical processes. The litter in fern–wood sorrel microplots contains increased amounts of Zn and Cd, while the contents of Pb and 137Cs are decreased. The distribution patterns of Pb and 137Cs in the litter are positively correlated with each other, since both elements are deposited from the atmosphere, and similar mechanisms account for their redistribution in the spruce forest ecosystem.

Changes in the morphological properties of rzhavozems under the influence of oil contamination

The possibility of using the VERT_MIG algorithm in simulation models of the vertical migration of radionuclides in soil is discussed. The algorithm was successfully used to develop models of 137Cs and 90Sr migration for radioactive contamination of different soils as a result of the accidents at the Chernobyl and Fukushima-1 nuclear power plants. The modeling results are given. Prospects for further use of this algorithm and some aspects of using imitation modeling in this area are discussed.

The spatial variability of the oil contamination level in technogenic transformed podzolic soils at the northeast of Sakhalin Island

The contents and profile distributions of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Pb, and benzo[a]pyrene in oligotrophic peat soils, oligotrophic peat gley soils (Dystric Fibric Histosols), humus-impregnated peat gleyzems (Dystric Histic Gleysols), and mucky gleyzems (Dystric Gleysols) have been analyzed with consideration for their degree of oligotrophicity and anthropogenic loads. Horizons with the accumulation (O, Tpyr, TT) and removal (Ghi,e) of heavy metals have been revealed. The increase in the content of heavy metals and benzo[a]pyrene in the upper layer of oligotrophic peat soils under technogenic fallouts in the impact zone of flare and motor transport has been considered. Statistical parameters of the spatial variation of parameters in organic and gley horizons have been calculated. The variation coefficients of pollutant elements (Pb and Zn) in the surface horizons of soils increase to 100–125%. Positive correlations revealed between the content of some heavy metals in litter indicate their bioaccumulation and possible joint input with aerotechnogenic fallouts. No correlations are found between the contents of benzo[a]pyrene and heavy metals, but a reliable negative correlation with the ash content is noted in the peat horizon.