D. Vardimon

Early sonographic detection of recurrent fetal eye anomalies

To determine the possible association between congenital eye anomaly of a previous child in the family and current congenital eye anomaly.

Ovarian cysts and cyclic hormone replacement therapy: is there an association?

Objectives. To evaluate whether there may be an association between postmenopausal ovarian cysts and hormone replacement therapy.

Reference values for γ‐glutamyl‐transferase in amniotic fluid in normal pregnancies

Nonvisualization of the fetal gallbladder by ultrasound poses a diagnostic dilemma. The aim of the study was to establish reference values for the hepatobiliary enzyme γ‐glutamyl‐transferase (GGT) in amniotic fluid in normal pregnancies, and to determine the maximal week of gestation in which reference values can be determined.

P26.11: Reference values for gama glutamyl transferase (GGT) in amniotic fluid between 16–22 weeks gestation: an addition in assessing non-visualization of fetal gallbladder?

ovarian cyst was made. At 31 weeks the cyst measured 41 mm and contained a fluid-debris level and a retracting clot; no signal was depicted at power Doppler, there was no ascites, and the middle cerebral artery peak velocity was normal. Aspirin therapy was stopped, heparin was administered and weekly follow-up examinations were planned. The left-sided cyst started to decrease and reached 18 mm at 38 weeks, when it showed low-level echogenicity. However, at 33 weeks a right-sided 16 mm cyst was also depicted; the right cyst increased in size (50 mm), and at 38 weeks showed a ‘‘ground glass’’ appearance. Cesarean section was performed at term for breech presentation. The 4030 g female newborn showed no sign of abdominal complications, and postnatal sonography at 3 days of age confirmed the presence of bilateral ovarian cysts. Follow-up scans at 1 month demonstrated bilateral normal ovaries. Ovarian functional cysts rarely necessitate treatment in fertile age women. A conservative management is usually preferred also in the fetus, even if some authors advocated aspiration to prevent complications. In the present case of bilateral, complicated cysts, a close follow-up was necessary to rule out life-threatening events.