Da Yan

On the simulation repetition and temporal discretization of stochastic occupant behaviour models in building performance simulation

The inherent properties of occupant behaviour, namely dynamics and instantaneity in affecting indoor thermal environment, call for special treatments on the simulation repetition and temporal discretization in building performance simulation. This paper focuses on the appropriate repetition and time interval in occupant behaviour simulation by studying specifically air-conditioning behaviour as an example, after integrating a stochastic model into the building simulation program. The results of repetitive simulations are analysed with statistical methods applied and a reasonable repetition is recommended. By comparing the results of cooling energy consumption with several input time intervals, the appropriate time intervals are suggested to be used in occupant behaviour simulation. This study aims at inspiring researchers to develop a scientific framework to decide the appropriate simulation repetition and temporal discretization in building simulation with occupant behaviour involved.

Numerical Simulation of Indoor PM Distribution over the Whole Year by Zonal Model

This paper presents the simulation of indoor particulate matter (PM) distribution over the whole year by a zonal model. To make the zoning more reasonable, the zonal model divides room space based on numerical results of air age distribution using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Then the mass balance model for PM that considers particulate deposition and re-suspension is established. Using the zonal model, the indoor PM concentration over the whole year can be analysed, an approach which may be suitable for indoor environment design and indoor air quality evaluation. Simulation results from both a single room and a multi-room case with air re-circulation and double air filtering are presented.

Validation and Ground Truths

It is essential to ensure the validation of measurements and the reliability of the collected data. This chapter discusses several topics related to measurement validation and ground truth in occupancy and occupant behavior observations. It introduces the basic concept of measurement quality and calls for attention to the measurement of occupancy and occupant actions. It provides general guidelines for verifying and validating the reliability of collected data. It also offers suggestions for how to construct ground truth data. In this chapter, questions about measurement validation and ground truth are raised and the particularities of occupancy and occupant behavior observations are discussed.