Daejin Park

A Study on Implementation of IVI Applications for Connected Vehicle Using HTML5

Applications and networking are the key functions for connected vehicle. And applications of In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) system are one of the important characteristics in the automotive industry. Because of the fast evolution of electronic technologies, automotive industry cannot adopt new technology easily. IVI platform standard was developed by automotive OEM and suppliers but the problems still exist. In this paper, we propose an implementation technique of applications that are based on HTML5 and a simple way to access the mobile network. XML-based configuration is used to represent the capability of the vehicle, IVN signals of the production vehicle is used to validate the interaction between IVI system and vehicle. The application works well with native application APIs and HTML5 APIs as well as interact with vehicle and mobile network.

Fast battery charger MCU with adaptive PWM controller using runtime tracking of polarization curve

In this paper, a fast li-ion battery charger microcontroller (MCU) based on configurable pulse width modulation (PWM) controller by tracking the polarization curve of battery cells is proposed in order to inject the maximum charge-current without battery degradation and its fully customdesigned MCU is implemented as a system-on-chip (SoC) using 0.18 um Embedded Flash CMOS process. The evaluation results show that a newly designed charger is about 18.6% faster than the conventional constantcurrent (CC) charging method with the temperature rise within a reasonable range. The implemented charger system by tracking the battery cell polarization curve results in charging 4 cells of battery to about 80% of its maximum capacity in less than 56 minutes and 13°C maximum temperature rise without damaging the battery.

Steering wheel-based adaptive headlight controller with symmetric angle sensor compensator for functional safety requirement

Steering angle-based adaptive headlight controller for safe operation in emergency situations is proposed by adopting the compensation method of the symmetric two angle sensor data. Adding the intelligence in automotive applications results in increased chance of unsafe operations, requiring the integration of additional safety functions. In this paper, we introduce our efforts to integrate the safety observer with the adaptive headlight controller, still providing safe angle control in an abnormal situations by the steering angle. If the symmetric behavior of two angles is broken in the unknown interruption, the backup angles are restored into the active angle control value.

Efficient Frequency and Duty Cycle Control Method for Fast Pulse-Charging of Distributed Battery Packs by Sharing Cell Status

Pulse-based charging method for battery cells has been recognized as a fast and efficient way to overcome the shortcoming of slow charging time in distributed battery cells. The pulse frequency for controlling the battery charge will change within a certain range. The optimal frequency is determined to achieve the minimized battery impedance. The adaptation of a duty cycle of the pulse by decreasing the concentrated polarization guarantees a safe charging operation of all the distributed cells within a temperature range of 5C to 45C. The proposed charging process can be completed to about 80% of its maximum capacity in less than 20 minutes without damaging the battery characteristics. The newly designed charging results show that about two times faster than the conventional constant-current constant-voltage (CC-CV) charging method and 52% more efficient than the constant current fast charging method. The implemented high fidelity electrical model provides an approach looking into the effect of the pulse on the internal electrochemical reaction process. In addition, cell terminal voltage and temperature are simultaneously monitored in real time so as to adjust the frequency and duty of the proposed charging pulse method preventing battery degradation.

On-chip glitch-free backup clock changer with noise canceller and edge detector for safety MCU clock system

The embedded microcontroller is operated by the logic gates synchronized on the clock pulses. Severe electrical situations such as high voltage/frequency surge may cause malfunctioning of the clock source. Due to the broken clock, the clockless status of the system may enter into an abnormal state in driving several dangerous output. The glitch-clock pulse by abnormal clock generation causes the inversion of flip-flops status. In this paper, we propose an on-chip clock controller architecture to detect automatically clock failure and to switch the safe backup clock. The implemented edge detector (ED) unit identifies the abnormal low-frequency status of the clock source. The noise canceller (NC) using delay chain circuit of the clock pulse can detect the glitch status of the system clock. The simulation results show that the clock source damaged by external disturbance is successfully restored into safe clock status by the proposed on-chip glitch-free backup clock changer.

Secure Microcontroller with On-Chip Hierarchical Code Validator for Firmware Authentication

A secure microcontroller architecture has been proposed to protect the chip-level intrusion by injecting invalid firmware. The safe execution of the embedded firmware in microcontrollers is becoming important for applications requiring safety-critical operations, such as a safety-critical automotive controller, human-interactive interface. The chip-level instruction injection to bypass the original execution flow is a powerful method to acquire the privileged authority of firmware-controlled embedded systems. A code memory integrity validation accelerator for firmware authentication is proposed to provide fast hierarchical identification. The proposed validator, which is based on sector-segmented padding information, is integrated as a co-processor with the main CPU. The cyclic-redundancy code (CRC) as a fingerprint of the original code is inserted into the on-chip fab-programmed secure region to provide the sector-segmented code validation in long-range address space. The error-correcting code to identify invalid region in detail are applied to 64KB flash memory. The customized 8051-based microcontroller with the proposed accelerator is synthesized with 25,000 2-input NAND gates on 0.18um CMOS embedded-flash process.

On-Chip Event Debugger (OCeD) with Automated Code Execution Engine for Control Flow Detection

A custom designed on-chip event debugger (OCeD) has been proposed for the automation of the user-defined code flow detection. Conventional on-chip code debugging is performed by controlling the instruction execution with line-by-line break- points. An event-driven breakpoint concept is adopted to trace the collection of multiple triggered breakpoints using a built-in hardware-in-the-loop methodology. The tracer unit in the OCeD saves abstract trees of code access flow of interest in real time to search multiple conditions as an event breakpoint. The OCeD unit acquires the system control in detecting the user-defined event as multiple matched breakpoints through runtime execution of an entire firmware code and reports the traced flow graph to the host side. The OCD-to-event translation converter is inserted between the original OCD and the debugger software to control the code debugging flow. The proposed OCeD hardware is integrated in the 8051-based microcontroller and evaluated with FPGA-based target system. The event-breakpoint description for DhrystoneTM benchmark enables that the verification of the code execution flow to be fully automated without any conventional line breakpoint.