Dal-Soon Choi

Diminution of mycotoxins from Fusarium sp. in barley and wheat through post-harvest processing methods

The objective of this study was to analyze mycotoxin contents in Korean barley and wheat infected with Fusarium sp. The major contaminant was determine among deoxynivalenol, nivalenol (NIV), and zearalenone, as well as diminution rate of mycotoxin contents by milling, washing, and boiling processes. NIV was found as a major mycotoxin contaminant in Korean barley and wheat, and bran showed higher contamination level than the inner part in whole infected cereal. The results indicate that the milling process of the diseased barley and wheat showed dramatic diminution rate of 84.4%. Furthermore, the washing on barley reduced mycotoxin infection up to 81.0%, and boiling showed 82.7% diminution effect.

Investigation on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in Korean fruits and dietary intake estimation

Contamination levels of 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs)/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) were investigated on six major fruits consumed in Korea. Dioxin level was monitored on whole fruits. Average concentrations of PCDD/Fs were 0.042 pg/g fresh weight (f.w.) (apple), 0.0094 pg/g f.w. (grape), 0.1843 pg/g f.w. (mandarin orange), 0.2282 pg/g f.w. (peach), 0.1491 pg/g f.w. (pear), and 0.1330 pg/g f.w. (persimmon). For DL-PCBs, the average concentrations were 0.0932 pg/g f.w. (apple), 0.2649 pg/g f.w. (grape), 1.5437 pg/g f.w. (mandarin orange), 0.1942 pg/g f.w. (peach), 0.4591 pg/g f.w. (pear), and 0.4396 pg/g f.w. (persimmon). The major toxic equivalency (TEQ) contributors were identified as 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in PCDD and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran in PCDFs. Most residual DL-PCBs showed no contribution to total TEQ values. The lowest TEQ level was recorded in peach (0.0161 pg-TEQWHO/g f.w.), and the highest TEQ level was found in mandarin orange (0.0448 pg-TEQWHO/g f.w.). Total estimated daily intake (EDI) of dioxins from the six fruits was calculated at 3.8159 pg-TEQWHO/day, which is 1.59% of Korean tolerable daily intake based on 60 kg body weight.