Dalva A. Mello

Helmintoses intestinais: II - Prevalência e correlação com renda, tamanho da família, anemia e estado nutricional

Foi analisada a prevalencia das helmintoses intestinais e suas associacoes com anemia, estado nutricional, renda e composicao familiar em escolares de Santa Eudoxia, subdistrito de Sao Carlos, SP, Brasil. Foram examinadas 254 criancas: dos resultados coprologicos, 37,8% foram positivos. O parasita mais frequente foi o Ascaris lumbricoides (12,1%), seguido de Trichuris trichiura (4,8%), ancilostomideo (3,7%) e Hymenolepis nana (3,7%). Ocorreu maior concentracao de resultados positivos na faixa de 8 a 12 anos (51,9%). Foram diagnosticadas como anemicas 14,7% das criancas e 15% como desnutridas. Das correlacoes estudadas, apenas aquela entre helmintose e tamanho familiar mostrou resultado estatisticamente significante.

Roedores, marsupiais e triatomíneos silvestres capturados no município de Mambaí-Goiás: infecção natural pelo Trypanosoma cruzi

Neste trabalho esta descrito aspectos do ciclo silvestre do Trypanosoma cruzi em regiao do cerrado do Brasil Central, endemica para doenca de Chagas. Entre 151 roedores (11 especies) e 73 Didelphis albiventris, capturados em ambiente silvestre, respectivamente 4 (2,6%) e 15 (20,6%), estavam naturalmente infectados pelo T. cruzi. Triatomineos, pertencentes a cinco especies (Rhodnius neglectus, Psammolestes tertius, Triatoma costalimai, Triatoma pseudomaculata e Triatoma sordida) foram tambem capturados em ambiente silvestre e em diferentes tipos de biotopos. Entre 165 exemplares, destes insetos, coletados, dois estavam parasitados pelo T. cruzi (T. costalimai e T. pseudomaculata). Foram ainda realizadas observacoes ecologicas, quanto a interacoes entre roedores, D. albivetris e triatomineos.Neste trabalho esta descrito aspectos do ciclo silvestre do Trypanosoma cruzi em regiao do cerrado do Brasil Central, endemica para doenca de Chagas. Entre 151 roedores (11 especies) e 73 Didelphis albiventris, capturados em ambiente silvestre, respectivamente 4 (2,6%) e 15 (20,6%), estavam naturalmente infectados pelo T. cruzi. Triatomineos, pertencentes a cinco especies (Rhodnius neglectus, Psammolestes tertius, Triatoma costalimai, Triatoma pseudomaculata e Triatoma sordida) foram tambem capturados em ambiente silvestre e em diferentes tipos de biotopos. Entre 165 exemplares, destes insetos, coletados, dois estavam parasitados pelo T. cruzi (T. costalimai e T. pseudomaculata). Foram ainda realizadas observacoes ecologicas, quanto a interacoes entre roedores, D. albivetris e triatomineos.

Aspectos educacionais da intervenção em helmintoses intestinais, no subdistrito de Santa Eudóxia, Município de São Carlos - SP

A pesquisa sobre conhecimento, atitudes e percepcao da populacao local sobre helmintoses intestinais mostrou que os mesmos detem uma codificacao das helmintoses; analisou-se a prevalencia associada com anemia, estado nutritional, renda e composicao familiar. O Programa de Educacao e Saude em verminose exercitou a pratica dos conhecimentos sobre intervencao em verminose, estimulando acoes coletivas.

Helmintoses intestinais: III - Programa de Educação e Saúde em Verminose

From August 1985 to June 1986 an Education Program for school-children and their parents or guardians was undertaken in Santa Eudoxia (S. Paulo, Brazil) with a view to the practice of knowledge concerning intervention with regard to parasitic helminths, with the aim of stimulating collective action. A manual of technical orientation for the coordinators had been prepared. Three groups composed of school-childrens parents or guardians was formed and these discussed four basic themes during the Course of Education and Health in Helminthiasis: 1. What the disease is like; 2. The worms which occur in man; 3. The significance of the disease; 4. Prophylactic measures. Each group prepared a manual about the content of the course. The results of the childrens work were presented at the Health Education Fair, an event open to the whole community. The way this Program developed made it clear that the population had become aware of the magnitude of the problem. Furthermore, they feel the need of effective measures regarding the control of helminth infestation.

Estudo experimental de Zygodontomys lasiurus (Rodentia-cricetidae) com cepas de Trypanosoma cruzi

Studies on the experimental infection of Zygodontomys lasiurus (Rodentia-Cricetidae) are presented in the current paper. Three strains of T. cruzi were used in the experiments: two, Y and Berenice, were originated from human infection, while the third one was obtained from natural infection in a wild bug Triatoma costalimai. The evolution of the parasitemia was studied and the prepatent and patent periods determined. The tissular tropism and aggressiveness of the strains of T. cruzi were verified through histopathological studies. Results have shown that the parasitemia was always kept at low levels for all the strains. The prepatent period in the infected rodents varied from: 3 to 6 days in the Y strain; 2 to 6 days in the Berenice strain; 6 to 8 in the costalimai strain. The patent period showed the following duration patterns: 14 to 16 days in the Y strain; 26 to 29 in the Berenice strain and 6 to 8 days in the costalimai strain. Tissue damage was predominantly muscular, and the pathological reactions varied from slight to severe.Studies on the experimental infection of Zygodontomys lasiurus (Rodentia-Cricetidae) are presented in the current paper. Three strains of T. cruzi were used in the experiments: two, Y and Berenice, were originated from human infection, while the third one was obtained from natural infection in a wild bug Triatoma costalimai. The evolution of the parasitemia was studied and the prepatent and patent periods determined. The tissular tropism and aggressiveness of the strains of T. cruzi were verified through histopathological studies. Results have shown that the parasitemia was always kept at low levels for all the strains. The prepatent period in the infected rodents varied from: 3 to 6 days in the Y strain; 2 to 6 days in the Berenice strain; 6 to 8 in the costalimai strain. The patent period showed the following duration patterns: 14 to 16 days in the Y strain; 26 to 29 in the Berenice strain and 6 to 8 days in the costalimai strain. Tissue damage was predominantly muscular, and the pathological reactions varied from slight to severe.