Dan Carai Maia Viola

Coaxial extendible knee equalizes limb length in children with osteogenic sarcoma.

We assessed our ability to achieve limb length equality (LLE) in children following limb-sparing surgery for distal femur osteogenic sarcoma using coaxial extendible prostheses in 12 children, averaging 11.6 years old at the time of tumor resection (range, 5.9-15.5 years). All but one child achieved clinical limb length equality. There were 23 extensions, averaging 3.8 extensions per patient (range, 1-5), by an average 13 mm per extension and an average total extension of 49.3 mm per patient extended. Eight children underwent revision surgery after an average of 45.1 months (range, 3-115 months). Aseptic loosening occurred more frequently among children with greater femoral diameter growth. The overall prosthetic survival was 60% at 3 years and 35% at 5 years. The survival until aseptic loosening at 3 and 5 years was 85% and 45%, respectively. Press-fit components survived longer than cemented stems. None of the devices loosened. At skeletal maturity the MSTS functional scores averaged 25. Using a coaxial extendible implant, we efficiently achieved LLE in this population. Prosthetic revision was needed frequently. Younger age and longer resection percentages were associated with shorter prosthetic survival and higher revision/aseptic loosening rates. Femoral diameter growth may contribute to loosening. Early experience with this extendible implant is promising.Level of Evidence: Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Epidemiology of total hip and knee replacement: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the epidemiologic characteristics and adverse events of patients submitted to total hip and total knee replacement. Methods: A cross-sectional study retrospectively assessing medical chart data of all total hip and total knee replacements performed at a private hospital, between January 2007 and December 2010 Patients submitted to total hip and total knee replacement, with consent of surgeons were included. Incomplete records and/or missing data of the hospital database were excluded. The categorical variables analyzed were age, gender, type of arthroplasty (primary or secondary), type of procedure, duration of surgery, use of drains, risk of infection, compliance to protocol for prevention of deep venous thrombosis and embolism pulmonary, and compliance to the protocol for prevention of infection. The outcomes assessed were adverse events after surgery. Results: A total of 510 patients were included; in that, 166 admissions for knee replacements (92 male) and 344 admissions for hip replacements (176 female). The mean age of patients was 71 years (range 31-99 years). Adverse events were reported in 76 patients (14.9%); there was no correlation between assessed variables and number of complications. Conclusion: The results showed no individual factors favoring complications in patients submitted to total hip and total knee replacement; hence, surgeons should consider prophylaxis to avoid complications.

Plasma rico em plaquetas para consolidação de ossos longos

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effectiveness of the use of platelet-rich plasma as coadjuvant for union of long bones. METHODS: The search strategy included the Cochrane Library (via Central) and MEDLINE (via PubMed). There were no limits as to language or publication media. The latest search strategy was conducted in December 2011. It included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the use of platelet-rich plasma as coadjuvant medication to accelerate union of long bones (acute fractures, pseudoarthrosis and bone defects). The outcomes of interest for this review include bone regeneration, adverse events, costs, pain, and quality of life. The authors selected eligible studies, evaluated the methodological quality, and extracted the data. It was not possible to perform quantitative analysis of the grouped studies (meta-analyses). RESULTS: Two randomized prospective clinical trials were included, with a total of 148 participants. One of them compared recombinant human morphogenic bone protein-7 versus platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of pseudoarthrosis; the other evaluated the effects of three coadjuvant treatments for union of valgising tibial osteotomies (platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich plasma plus bone marrow stromal cells, and no coadjuvant treatment). Both had low statistical power and moderate to high risk of bias. CONCLUSION: There was no conclusive evidence that sustained the use of platelet-rich plasma as a coadjuvant to aid bone regeneration of fractures, pseudoarthrosis, or bone defects.ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate effectiveness of the use of platelet-rich plasma as coadjuvant for union of long bones. Methods: The search strategy included the Cochrane Library (via Central) and MEDLINE (via PubMed). There were no limits as to language or publication media. The latest search strategy was conducted in December 2011. It included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the use of platelet-rich plasma as coadjuvant medication to accelerate union of long bones (acute fractures, pseudoarthrosis and bone defects). The outcomes of interest for this review include bone regeneration, adverse events, costs, pain, and quality of life. The authors selected eligible studies, evaluated the methodological quality, and extracted the data. It was not possible to perform quantitative analysis of the grouped studies (meta-analyses). Results: Two randomized prospective clinical trials were included, with a total of 148 participants. One of them compared recombinant human morphogenic bone protein-7 versus platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of pseudoarthrosis; the other evaluated the effects of three coadjuvant treatments for union of valgising tibial osteotomies (platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich plasma plus bone marrow stromal cells, and no coadjuvant treatment). Both had low statistical power and moderate to high risk of bias. Conclusion: There was no conclusive evidence that sustained the use of platelet-rich plasma as a coadjuvant to aid bone regeneration of fractures, pseudoarthrosis, or bone defects.

Ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo-cego, comparativo entre a associação de cafeína, carisoprodol, diclofenaco sódico e paracetamol e a ciclobenzaprina, para avaliação da eficácia e segurança no tratamento de pacientes com lombalgia e lombociatalgia agudas

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of diclofenac, paracetamol, carisoprodol, and caffeine in the treatment of acute low back pain and lumboischialgia, compared to the efficacy and safety of cyclobenzaprine. STUDY DESIGN: Single-center, comparative, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. METHOD: Drugs were administered t.i.d. for a period of 7 days. STUDY POPULATION: 108 patients with a diagnosis of acute low back pain and lumboischialgia in the last 7 days were randomized, being included 54 patients in each group. ENDPOINTS: The primary efficacy endpoints selected for the study were the pain visual analog scale and the Roland-Morris questionnaire, the results of which were compared before and after treatment. The secondary endpoints were the patients and the investigators overall assessment of the treatment, as well as the use of the analgesic rescue medication. The safety criteria were the tolerability analysis, the medication discontinuation due to adverse events, and laboratory tests. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences among the groups regarding efficacy in any of the endpoints examined. Both medications have been shown to be safe and tolerable in the treatment of acute low back pain and lumboischialgia. The thorough statistical analysis revealed a difference between the two groups only concerning adverse events, which were more frequent in the group treated with cyclobenzaprine.

Redução do custo em cirurgia de coluna em um centro especializado de tratamento

ABSTRACT Objective To compare the estimated cost of treatment of spinal disorders to those of this treatment in a specialized center. Methods An evaluation of average treatment costs of 399 patients referred by a Health Insurance Company for evaluation and treatment at the Spine Treatment Reference Center of Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. All patients presented with an indication for surgical treatment before being referred for assessment. Of the total number of patients referred, only 54 underwent surgical treatment and 112 received a conservative treatment with motor physical therapy and acupuncture. The costs of both treatments were calculated based on a previously agreed table of values for reimbursement for each phase of treatment. Results Patients treated non-surgically had an average treatment cost of US

Correlação do tipo de biópsia e sua validade diagnóstica nos tumores músculo-esqueléticos em distintas topografias

1,650.00, while patients treated surgically had an average cost of US

Sarcoma de Ewing: epidemiologia e prognóstico dos pacientes tratados no Instituto de Oncologia Pediátrica, IOP-GRAACC-UNIFESP

18,520.00. The total estimated cost of the cohort of patients treated was US

Complicações das endopróteses em pacientes com tumores ósseos do joelho

1,184,810.00, which represents a 158.5% decrease relative to the total cost projected for these same patients if the initial type of treatment indicated were performed. Conclusion Treatment carried out within a center specialized in treating spine pathologies has global costs lower than those regularly observed.

O uso de espaçadores com antibiótico no tratamento das infecções em endopróteses de joelho

ABSTRACTObjective: The purpose of this study is to evaluatetrephine biopsies with Jamshidi needle performed atthe Oncologic Orthopedics Service at UNIFESP / EPM ,in musculoskeletal tumors in different locations, inorder to propose an effectiveness classification ofbiopsy categories. Methods: A retrospective analysiswas made of 107 patients that had been submitted tobiopsy with the Jamshidi needle and later to a tumorresection followed by an anatomopathological examof the surgical specimen. Mean age of the patientswas 23.5 years (2.7 to 68.7 years). Regarding gender,40.2% were female, and 50.8% male. In this series, 86had bone tumor (80.4%) and 21 had soft tissue tumors(19.6%). With respect to location, tumors were foundmainly in the lower limbs (72%), followed by upperlimbs (22.4%), and pelvis (5.6%). A joint proposalwas prepared to classify biopsy categories accordingto the excellent, good, regular, and poor result. Results: General data analysis showed excellentresults in 80.4% of the biopsies, good results in 8.4%,regular in 2.8%, and poor in 8.4%. Adding togetherexcellent and good results, one has 88.8% of thecases. In the series, the authors found 3.7% ofcomplications, and in no case the biopsy served torule out conservative surgery – with preservation ofthe limb.

Analysis of epidemiology, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors in patients with back pain admitted to an orthopedic emergency unit

OBJECTIVE: To outline the epidemiological profile and prognosis for Ewings sarcoma in the Brazilian population. Material and METHODS: The medical records of 64 patients with intraosseous Ewings sarcoma who were treated at the Pediatric Oncology Institute, IOP-GRAACC-Unifesp, between 1995 and 2010, were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: The statistical analysis on the data obtained did not correlate factors such as sex, trauma, pathological fracture and time taken for case diagnosis with the treatment outcome. Factors such as initial metastasis, lung metastasis, tumor site, age, recurrence and type of surgery showed results corroborating what has been established in the literature. CONCLUSION: The prognosis in cases of Ewings sarcoma was mainly influenced by the presence of metastases at the time of diagnosis.