Daniel Brissaud

A review of product-service systems design methodologies

Product–service systems (PSS), motivated to fulfil customers’ needs, are seen as good strategies to face todays competitive business environment. The field of PSS research is however not fully mature and many different methodologies are proposed for the PSS design. This paper seeks to understand the directions taken in eight state-of-the-art methodologies so as to identify common needs in future research. The methodologies are studied across their authors’ views and definitions of services, PSS and their objectives and challenges, along with the tools that have been developed. A maturity model is built to access the current PSS design across 20 dimensions. The model highlights that only three dimensions are strongly treated: design processes for integrating products and services, definitions of new terminologies and considerations concerning planning and designing life-cycle phases. To enhance the industrial application, collaboration between researchers and practitioners can be spurred through two challenges: common ontology and models for representation of PSS. Particular attention must also be placed on sustainability as current models do not support the generation of sustainable PSS. As a whole, the review shows that the PSS design is still in initial stages of development and substantial research is required to develop a practical PSS design methodology.

Product-service system design methodology: from the PSS architecture design to the products specifications

Most of the time, engineers focus on the design of physical products and on their interactions with others objects, and this is why technical services are not considered very early during the design process. On the other hand, some product-service system (PSS) methodologies still exist but are focused on the system and do not sufficiently specify engineering product criteria. Indeed, to achieve the development of consistent PSSs, a methodology is required to support engineering designers during the development process. PSSs are composed of physical objects and service units that relate each other. To have a competitive PSS, the designers must consider carefully and early in the design phase the interactions between those elements. The aim of the proposed methodology is to provide engineering designers with technical engineering specifications in relation with the whole systems requirements as precise as possible for the development of the physical objects involved in those systems. The paper describes the context of PSS development and the current methods used to develop such systems. Then, the tools and formalism used in the proposed methodology based on a function-oriented description and an activities related description are explained. Finally, an industrial example of a helium-based refrigeration unit illustrates the proposed methodology.

PRODUCT MODELS for LIFE-CYCLE

Abstract The product design, manufacturing, assembly and usage processes have to be globally optimised for the competitiveness of the enterprises. The contribution of the paper deals with the product models able to support the views of life cycle engineers to consider those engineers as design actors in a whole product development cycle. Our approach is based on the capitalisation and analysis of quality discrepancies happening in product life cycle. The models themselves and the necessary information feedback are focused.

Innovation and manufacturability analysis in an integrated design context

Abstract In an integrated design modeller system, the constraints due to all the actors of the life cycle of a mechanical product need to be considered as early as possible while designing. Two complementary aspects dealing with that issue are presented here. The functions–structures databases allow product innovation and solution proposals during the early design stages. A manufacturability analysis is made through specific domain tools modelling the manufacturing process, proposing pieces of the part definition.

Dynamic data sharing in a collaborative design environment

Based on expert engineering and collaborative work tools, the digital modelling of product development should now be realized in the context of life-cycle management. The objective is to develop a collaborative engineering design system and this paper focuses on the support of the dynamic sharing of design information as the main structuring element of collaboration. To enable information multi-representation, granularity expression, semantic encapsulation, updating and reuse, the design environment connects existing engineering tools and the specifically developed missing element able dynamically to share the data among designers.

An Approach to Concurrent Engineering Using Distributed Design Methodology

This paper presents a design model that allows concurrent engineering to be put into a conceptual framework and suggests a design methodology for that framework Distributed design methodology is based upon a modular approach where modules are connected in a net work and where communication plays the main role allowing the product to emerge Each module needs its own tools, some of them already exist but others have to be built in a new point of view The design solution results from decisions which are made by all the modules in a distrib uted way An example from a design experiment introduces the discussion of the model and outlines the information exchanged The validity of this design model is also proved by this experiment

Innovation in Life Cycle Engineering and Sustainable Development

Introduction to Innovation in Life Cycle Engineering and Sustainable Development by D. Brissaud, S. Tichkiewitch and P. Zwolinski Business models: Feasibility and scope of LC approaches to sustainable consumption, by E.G. Hertwich and G.P. Peters A business-oriented approach to the product life cycle, by G. Molcho and M. Shpitalni Meeting the Climate Change Challenge, by C. Rynikiewicz Assessing product life cycle strategies in the Japanese market, by Ogushi, M. Kandlikar, and H. Dowlatabadi Applications of service engineering methods and tool to industries, by T. Sakao, Y. Shimomura, M. Lindahl and E. Sundin End-of-life strategies: Towards self-disassembling products, by J. Duflou, B. Willems and W. Dewulf Indicators to measure sustainability of an industrial manufacturing, by E. Raizer Neto, M.T. Mariotte and R.T.P. Hinz Concepts and definitions for product recovery, by M Lindahl, E. Sundin, J. Ostlin and M. Bjorkman Remanufacturing of flat screen monitors, by C. Franke, S. Kernbaum and G. Seliger Improving product recovery decisions through product information, by A.K. Parlikad, D.C. McFarlane and A.G. Kulkarni Photocopier remanufacturing at Xerox UK, by A. King, J. Miemczyk and D. Bufton Dynamic process and operation planning for hybrid disassembly, by H-J. Kim Clean technologies for recycling, by H.V. de Medina Identifying availability contribution of lifecycle-adapted services, by J. Fleischer and D. Nesges Product development for sustainability: Designing products that are never discarded, by P. Zwolinski and D. Brissaud Guidelines in ecodesign: a case study from railway industry, by J. Lagerstedt and C. Luttropp Identifying and assessing environmentally benign modules, by M. Voji and H. Birkhofer Strategies and material flow in ecodesign, by C. Luttropp Screening life cycle modelling for sustainable product design, by M. Fargnoli and F. Kimura Using design for environment for redesigning a household appliance, by S. Kara, H.Kaebernick and S. Ibbotson Modular design oftechnical product-service systems, by I.C. Aurich, C. Fuchs and C. Wagenknecht Estimating the environmental profile of early design concepts, by W. Dewulf, B. Willems and J.R. Duflou Product life cycle management: Design for environment by target life cycle costing, by D. Janz, M. Hornberger and E. Westkamper PLM to support hazard identification in chemical plant design, by F. Giannini, M. Monti, S. Ansaldi and P. Bragatto Smart machining systems: issues and research trends, by L. Deshayes, L. Welsch, A. Donmez, R. Ivester, D. Gilsinn, R. Rhorer, E. Whitenton and F. Potra Development of methods to support the implementation of a PDMS, by J. Feidhusen, B. Gebhardt, N. Macice, E. Nurcahya and F. Bungert The role of knowledge management in product lifecycle, by G. Colombo and D. Pugliese A product-process-organisation integrative model for collaborative design, by F. Noel Dynamic life cycle performance simulation ofproduction systems, by J. Niemann and E. Westkamper LC universal model for the enterprise information system structure, by A. Bernard, M. Labrousse and N. Perry Authors index.

Advances in integrated design and manufacturing in mechanical engineering

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Co-Ordination Between Product and Process Definitions in a Concurrent Engineering Environment

Abstract This paper deals with the necessary co-ordination among the designing team members in a concurrent engineering environment. It focuses on models and methods for co-ordination based on a co-operative work. The classical activity-based approach must be coupled with a professional-based approach to have a coordination system close to industrial practices. Then a first attempt to cluster the co-ordination methods of the literature in a specific typology is discussed.

Remanufacturing strategies to support product design and redesign

Abstract Remanufacturing and reuse processes are very promising strategies in a sustainable world, due to their profitable and greening properties. They provide manufacturers with an efficient and responsible method to comply with current and forthcoming environmental legislation. Alongside the optimization of the processes themselves, it is essential to understand the properties of products easy to remanufacture and reuse with profit, to develop methodologies and supports to design new ‘sustainable products’. It is now known that the specific requirements imposed by remanufacturing strategies should be addressed throughout the design phase, specifically, the ease with which a product at its end-of-life can be disassembled, cleaned, tested and reassembled. This study has extracted the factors affecting the success of a remanufacturing operation from a wide range of products that have been successfully remanufactured. Encapsulated in 11 ‘remanufacturable product profiles’, this knowledge is the core element of the design methodology developed and supported by the implemented software REPRO2. The paper illustrates the way the methodology is used in the two main activities of designing: redesigning products from a remanufacturing perspectives and developing new products. An industrial example is developed.