Daniel J. Monti

The relation between terrorism and domestic civil disorders

Abstract Students of civil disorder in the United States look to such events for signs of an incipient tradition in the growth of urban terrorism, but the relation between these two forms of collective violence remains unclear. By examining the evolution of civil violence in New York City for nearly three hundred years, one gains a better grasp of the historically conservative nature of collective violence in this country and the conditions under which it could change into a more threatening tradition of political terrorism.

Administrative Discrimination in the Implementation of Desegregation Policies.

This is a study of the politics surrounding desegregation in a midwestern school district. Research into this issue generally has been divided between comparative studies based largely on survey data and more detailed case histories of desegregation in a single district. In the comparative surveys the liberalism and cohesion of school officials or civic leaders have been identified as the most critical predictors of whether a school system adopts more farreaching or conservative desegregation policies (Crain, 1968; Kirby, Harris, Crain, & Rossell, 1973). In the more thorough case studies, however, the adoption of traditional desegregation reforms (e.g., busing, faculty integration, and compensatory programs) has been viewed as part of the school systems organizational defenses through which the districts insularity from outsiders and accountability to them (e.g., concerned citizens and minority activists) could be avoided (Gittell, 1969; Rogers, 1969). The emergence of so-called second generation desegregation problems (e.g., segregated classrooms, tracking, disproportionate suspensions for minority students) in many allegedly desegregated districts would appear to support this con-