Daniel Khankin

Towards instantaneous quantitative fluoroimaging drugs determination in body fluids with no added reagents

Our objective is to develop a simple monitoring technique for rapid, sensitive and quantitative drugs detection in body fluids, with no reagent added and no need for qualified professionals. The user-friendly automatic Fluo-imager will (a) measure the full-range 3D fluorescence map of the inserted fluid sample, (b) determine the chemical nature and concentration of the drugs and (c) transfer the results through internet to the diagnosis center. For these goals the fluorescence measurement data will be examined by neuronal network-pattern recognition software. The software identifies the chemical nature and the appropriate concentration of the drug by comparison of the obtained 3D pattern with the contents of the data bank. One of the problems in the approach under consideration is the high optical density of body fluids in the UV region, which raises difficulties in the fluorescence measurements. In this paper, we have attempted to overcome this problem by means of preliminary dilution. Nevertheless, the problem of subtraction of the fluid fluorescence background still needs to be addressed.

Monte Carlo Simulation Tool of Evanescent Waves Spectroscopy Fiber – Optic Probe for Medical Applications (FOPS 3D)

Fiber-optics evanescent wave spectroscopy has become a common technique for IR absorbance spectroscopy. Evanescent waves are formed when waves travelling in a medium undergo total internal reflection, which is the basis for the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) sampling technique [1,2]. Evanescent waves decrease exponentially as they propagates further away into the sample. Optical fibers which are transparent in the mid – IR are used as the ATR elements. The more reflections which cause the evanescent fields, the more efficient will be the measurement. Hence the curvature of the fiber and the radius of the uncladded part of the fiber, which brought in contact with the sample, play an important role in the efficiency of the measurement. In this work, we describe a simulation tool (FOPS 3D) which can simulate full three dimensional geometrical structure of the fiber and the propagation of the light beam through the fiber. The simulation tool has been developed as a two iteration process of three steps each: alpha, beta, and release. The first iteration was a C# module (NMCRC-FEWS) [3] serving as an independent confirmation tool. After a “Software Test Plan”, “Description”, and “Report”, the program moved (second iteration) to Java platform (FOPS 3D) and passed all the testing phases (requirements, design, program installation and regression testing). In addition, the FOPS 3D program favorably passed a black-box testing phase process of validation and verification. This application tool has the facility to freely bend the fiber, what gives the possibility to create any possible curvature folded fiber. Folding the fiber increases the number of beam hits in the uncladded part by slowing down the beam’s propagation. A second feature of the tool is the possibility to change the radius of the uncladded part individually, specifically decreasing the radius relative to the fiber’s radius, which increases the number of beam hits in the uncladded section. In addition, the fiber can be deformed and clay modeled, what gives the possibility to create different alternative geometrical shapes and inspecting their efficiency as ATR elements [2,3,4].

Make&activate-before-break for seamless SDN route updates

Abstract Software-Defined Networking (SDN) decouples the control and data planes, enabling limitless possibilities for implementing services and applications on top of the network abstraction layer. The centralized controller provides a real-time view of the entire underlying network infrastructure, and therefore, management of the agile network becomes more simplified. This flexibility requires online routing updates. However, during these updates consistency has to be preserved, i.e., no packet losses or unrecognized duplicates should occur. Moreover, routing updates should be done on the fly in an application-seamless fashion such that no significant irregular delays or “communication hiccups” in packet arrivals are introduced due to the (frequent) updates. In this paper, we are the first to present methods for seamlessly preserving consistency during on-the-fly routing updates. We utilize the make-before-break paradigm, in fact, the make&activate-before-break (MABB) paradigm. We propose two methods for implementing such paradigm. In the first method, the new route is created and activated by duplicating packets along the corresponding portions of both new and old routes, without exceeding bandwidth demands on network links. Only when the controller verifies the correct establishment and operation of the specific portion of the new route, the corresponding portion of the old route is removed. This allows the sender to continue sending packets at an unchanged rate during the entire update process, a rate that is identical to the rate prior and after the update. In the second method, we propose a technique that utilizes the controller for verifying the correctness of the new portion of a route before its activation and the safeness of dismantling the current portion of a route, while keeping the connection operational.

Monitorability Bounds via Expander, Sparsifier and Random Walks

The network virtualization allows new on-demand management capabilities, in this work we demonstrate such a service, namely, on-demand efficient monitoring or anonymity. The proposed service is based on network virtualization of expanders or sparsifiers over the physical network. The defined virtual (or overlay) communication graphs coupled with a multi-hop extension of Valiant randomization based routing lets us monitor the entire traffic in the network, with a very few monitoring nodes. In particular, we show that using overlay network with expansion properties and Valiant randomized load balancing it is enough to place

Comprehensive new approach to gamma spectrum analysis algorithms

O(m)

Seamless SDN Route Updates

monitor nodes when the length of the overlay path (number of intermediate nodes chosen by Valiants routing procedure) is

Dependence graph and master switch for seamless dependent routes replacement in SDN (extended abstract)

O(n/m)

Optimization Efficiency of Monte Carlo Simulation Tool for Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy Fiber-Optic Probe

. We propose two randomized routing methods to implement policies for sending messages, and we show that they facilitate efficient monitoring of the entire traffic, such that the traffic is distributed uniformly in the network, and each monitor has equiprobable view of the network flow. In terms of complex networks, our result can be interpreted as a way to enforce the same betweenness centrality to all nodes in the network. Additionally, we show that our results are useful in employing anonymity services. Thus, we propose monitoring or anonymity services, which can be deployed and shut down on-demand. Our work is the first, as far as we know, to bring such on-demand infrastructure structuring using the cloud network virtualization capability to existing monitoring or anonymity networks. We propose methods to theoretically improve services provided by existing anonymity networks, and optimize the degree of anonymity, in addition providing robustness and reliability to system usage and security. We believe that, our constructions of overlay expanders and sparsifiers weighted network are of independent interest.

Spectroscopic methods for detection of impurities in water

Gamma spectrum analysis tool providing enhanced identification capabilities aimed for the use in homeland security applications is presented. The diversities of the radiation sensors in use and of the measurement terms require constant effort and generic approach in adaptation of the existing spectrum analyzing solutions. In order to approach these operational requirements, the SpecIdentifier - new software application - was developed. SpecIdentifiers main program is divided into two main parts: a generic database and a spectrum processing module. In this novel development several peak search and spectrum processing algorithms are implemented in the processing module. Preliminary tests of isotope identification performance according to the standards for Homeland Security (HLS) applications were performed and are presented in this work. The main software blocks, algorithm modules and functionalities are described and their essentiality is discussed.