Daniel Krajzewicz

Simulation of Urban Mobility

Keywords: DLR Reference EPFL-CONF-155461 Record created on 2010-11-23, modified on 2016-08-08

Traffic Simulation with SUMO - Simulation of Urban Mobility

SUMO is a microscopic road traffic simulation made available as open source under the GPL license. The complete suite includes tools for importing road networks, generating routes from different sources, and two versions of the traffic simulation itself, one started from the command line and one including a graphical user interface. The simulation uses the microscopic, space-continuous and time-discrete car-following model developed by S. Kraus and a lane-changing model developed within the work on the simulation. Traffic assignment is normally performed using the iterative approach formulated by C. Gawron, but further methods, such as a one-shot assignment method, exists. The traffic simulation offers a socket-based interface to external applications, allowing to interact with a running simulation online. Values and states of objects the simulation consists of can be both retrieved and changed. SUMO has been used within different projects both by the DLR and by external organizations. The software and documentation can be accessed at http://sumo.sf.net.

ITETRIS: a modular simulation platform for the large scale evaluation of cooperative ITS applications

Cooperative ITS systems are expected to improve road traffic safety and efficiency, and provide infotainment services on the move, through the dynamic exchange of messages between vehicles, and between vehicles and infrastructure nodes. The complexity of cooperative ITS systems and the interrelation between its components requires their extensive testing before deployment. The lack of simulation platforms capable to test, with high modelling accuracy, cooperative ITS systems and applications in large scale scenarios triggered the implementation of the EU-funded iTETRIS simulation platform. iTETRIS is a unique open source simulation platform characterized by a modular architecture that allows integrating two widely adopted traffic and wireless simulators, while supporting the implementation of cooperative ITS applications in a language-agnostic fashion. This paper presents in detail the iTETRIS simulation platform, and describes its architecture, standard compliant implementation, operation and new functionalities. Finally, the paper demonstrates iTETRIS large scale cooperative ITS evaluation capabilities through the implementation and evaluation of cooperative traffic congestion detection and bus lane management applications. The detailed description and implemented examples provide valuable information on how to use and exploit iTETRIS simulation potential.

iTETRIS: Adaptation of ITS Technologies for Large Scale Integrated Simulation

The European Union (EU) Framework Program 7 (FP7) funded project, iTETRIS (An Integrated Wireless and Traffic Platform for Real-Time Road Traffic Management Solutions) targets to extend state of art in simulation of wireless vehicular cooperative systems for evaluation of road traffic management services and applications. In particular, iTETRIS addresses four important and distinct challenges: (a) road traffic and wireless integrated open-source simulation platform, (b) large scale trials, (c) realistic Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communication simulation and (d) dynamic, distributed and self-autonomous Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) applications based on cooperative systems. iTETRIS will provide a standard compliant, open-source integrated communication and traffic platform suited for large scale scenario simulation. This Paper addresses extension of traffic simulator being used in iTETRIS, scalability studies of networking simulator, which have been achieved as project results. Further the paper presents the adaptation of the Intelligent Communications for Transport Systems (ICTS) reference architecture functionalities being developed by the European Telecommunication Standard Institute (ETSI) at its Technical Committee (TC) on ITS.

Traffic Simulation for All: A Real World Traffic Scenario from the City of Bologna

A large effort is needed to gather, convert and adapt all the data needed to replicate a part of a real road network. To allow performing real-world evaluations using SUMO out-of-the-box, three “real-world” traffic simulation scenarios that represent parts of the city of Bologna are made available to the public. With these scenarios, researchers are able to start their investigations with little preparation effort and can concentrate on their research questions. This article describes, evaluates, and discusses the scenarios.

Modeling and simulating ITS applications with iTETRIS

This work presents the modeling methodology of the iTETRIS platform to integrate and simulate ITS applications. iTETRIS is a modular and open-source simulation platform composed of four key modules: the network simulator ns-3, the traffic simulator SUMO, an ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) application simulator, and a central federating module called iCS. Our contribution is twofold: First, we propose a methodology to model and simulate ITS applications with iTETRIS around three main mechanisms: (i) message management with generic open APIs based on subscription/result container mechanisms (ii) data management with the integration of an application facilities layer in the iCS, including a local dynamic map (LDM), (iii) application management with an ITS application simulator including one or more application logics. Second, we apply this methodology to implement the following four ITS applications: dynamic route planning, bus lane management, emergency vehicle, and contextual speed adaptation. We describe their integrations in iTETRIS, including a characterization of their interactions with the iCS, and illustrate the benefits of these ITS applications on traffic efficiency, gasoline consumption, or air pollutant emissions.

Evaluation of opening bus lanes for private traffic triggered via V2X communication

Within the EC project “iTETRIS”, an architecture for simulating traffic management applications based on vehicular communications (V2X) was designed and implemented. The work was based on evaluating the needs of a real city - the city of Bologna. Applications which try to solve the detected problems were defined and evaluated in subsequent steps. This report describes the evaluation of one of the developed applications, namely “Bus Lane Management”. It was analyzed whether it is possible to detect the traffic demand via V2X communication and open bus lanes for private vehicles. It turned out that this could be done efficiently: dedicating the free space on the bus lanes improves the average travel times and route lengths of all vehicles. However, this is true only if the penetration rates stay well below 50%. If more vehicles try to benefit, the situation deteriorates readily.

Second Generation of Pollutant Emission Models for SUMO

Traffic puts a high burden on the environment in means of emitted pollutants and consumed fuel. Different attempts exist for reducing these impacts, ranging from traffic management actions to in-vehicle ITS solutions. When equipped with a model of vehicular pollutant emissions, microscopic traffic simulations are assumed to be helpful in predicting the performance of such approaches. SUMO includes a model for vehicular emissions since 2008. In the context of the projects COLOMBO and AMITRAN, two further models were implemented. Herein, these models are presented and discussed, pointing out the progress in emissions modelling.

Unambiguous metrics for evaluation of traffic networks

This paper presents an extensive set of unambiguous metrics that can be used for evaluation of new ITS applications. Currently in the literature most authors define their own metrics and small differences in definitions can lead to confusion when comparing the results. To derive the set of metrics presented in this paper, several steps have been taken. First, a list has been made with all metrics known by the research partners. Afterwards, a set of base measures has been defined. Using that set, clear formulas for all metrics have been derived and are reported in this paper. Finally, an application example about a cooperative traffic light controller is given.

Using the Road Traffic Simulation “SUMO” for Educational Purposes

Since the year 2000, the Centre of Applied Informatics and the Institute for Transport Research at the German Aerospace Centre develops a microscopic road traffic simulation package named ’SUMO’ — an acronym for “Simulation of Urban MObility”. Meanwhile, the simulation is capable to deal with realistic scenarios such as large cities and is used for these purposes within the institutes projects. The idea was to support the traffic research community with a common platform to test new ideas and models without the need to reimplement a framework that handles road data, vehicle routes, traffic light steering etc. To achieve this goal, the simulation code is available as open source. Within this publication, we would like to demonstrate how most attributes of traffic flow can be simulated. This should be mainly interesting for educational purposes.