Daniel Lee Randolph

Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral, Reminiscence, and Activity Treatments on Life Satisfaction and Anxiety in the Elderly.

This study involved an examination of effects of a cognitive-behavioral group condition, a reminiscence treatment group condition, and an activity group condition on anxiety and life satisfaction for senior citizens, aged sixty-five and older. No significant differences on life satisfaction and trait anxiety were found for the groups at pretest, posttest, and follow-up. A significant ANOVA for state anxiety at follow-up was followed by directional t-tests which were not significant in the predicted direction. The differences on state anxiety observed at follow-up appear to have resulted from improvement of the reminiscence group. Suggestions were made for further research on group treatment of the elderly.

Race and socioeconomic status as confounding variables in the accurate diagnosis of alcoholism.

Utilized two psychologists as actors in making four videotapes to depict background information and verbal modes of communication for alcoholics according to black-white race differences and high-low socioeconomic status. Forty graduate psychology students (10 per group) then were shown randomly one of the four recordings and asked to make a diagnosis. A significant difference was found for the effects of race, socioeconomic status, and race X socioeconomic status interaction on the correct diagnosis of alcoholism. Results were interpreted as suggesting that a clinicians personal biases and/or prejudices might extend into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of clients.

Differentiating roles of clinical and counseling psychology interns

Asked 60 clinical psychology interns and 54 counseling psychology interns from 18 APA approved university training programs to complete a survey form that involved rating the amount of emphasis placed upon various roles, functions and duties at internship and university training programs. Supervisors of the interns at the respective internship settings completed analogous forms, rating their perception of the degree of emphasis placed upon various roles, functions and duties. The data were analyzed via stepwise discriminant analysis to determine whether some roles would be more typical to one specialty. Finally, suggestions were offered for the improvement of university training programs and for the conduct of further research on roles of the two specialties.

Effects of Reality Therapy Methods Applied in the Classroom.

Reality therapy methods in the classroom were examined via a four-group experimental design. The groups were as follows: (a) pretested reality therapy, (b) unpretested reality therapy, (c) pretested placebo, and (d) unpretested placebo. Piers-Harris Childrens Self-Concept Scale scores and observations of on-task behavior constituted the outcome criteria. No significant differences were obtained for self-concept and on-task behavior. The findings were interpreted as not supportive of reality therapy methods as applied in the classroom.

Development and Supervision during Practicum Placement: A Comparative Study.

Abstract The authors conducted a comparative study of the supervision of student teachers and student counselors and their development. The authors were interested in whether student practicum progress and practicum supervisory strategies are consistent with a developmental model. Findings for the progress of student counselors were consistent with a developmental model; those for student teachers were not. Supervision strategies for the supervision of both student counselors and student teachers were consistent with a developmental model. The authors suggest inservice training in supervision for cooperating teachers and additional research to validate inservice training strategies.

Efficacy of the Vocational Preference Inventory as a Discriminator of Attachment Styles

The authors assessed the Vocational Preference Inventory as a discriminator of attachment styles. Although the means for some of the six career interest scales completed by 200 undergraduates varied somewhat across four attachment style categories, substantial within-group variances masked apparent differences. None of the scales met the minimum criterion of F to enter; thus none of these scales discriminated among categories of attachment style.

Social Desirability, Defense Styles, and the Children's Role Inventory Scale

This investigation was designed to answer several research questions. First, using each participants dominant score to place that individual into one of the four Childrens Role Inventory categories, what would be the distribution of college students across the categories? Second, is there a relationship between scores on scales of the Childrens Role Inventory and (a) on the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale and (b) on scales of the Defense Style Questionnaire? 236 undergraduate students at a southern university completed the above questionnaires. The distribution of participants over Childrens Role Inventory categories was Hero 179, Mascot 41, Scapegoat 1, Lost Child 9, and Not Classified 6. After Bonferroni correction, significant positive but small correlations were reported between the Hero Scale of the Childrens Role Inventory and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, as well as between the Hero Scale of the Childrens Role Inventory and the Adaptive Scale of the Defense Style Questionnaire.