Daniela Calvo

The first level trigger of the OBELIX spectrometer

Abstract The first level trigger of the OBELIX (PS 201) experiment is described. Based on the time of flight system (TOF) of the detector and including modules designed for the purpose, we have built and operated a system capable of selecting simple prespecified hit patterns within 200 ns.

Iterates of operators and Gelfand–Shilov classes

The aim of this paper is to characterize Gelfand–Shilov classes , in terms of the iterates of a globally elliptic operator P with polynomial coefficients. Namely, we consider operators of Shubin type globally defined in ℝ n , for which L 2-a priori estimates are known. Proofs are given by inductive arguments on Gelfand–Shilov semi-norms.

High-Speed, Radiation-Tolerant Laser Drivers in 0.13

The gigabit laser driver (GBLD) and low-power GBLD (LpGBLD) are two radiation-tolerant laser drivers designed to drive laser diodes at data rates up to 4.8 Gb/s. They have been designed in the framework of the gigabit-transceiver (GBT) and versatile-link projects to provide fast optical links capable of operation in the radiation environment of future high-luminosity high-energy physics experiments. The GBLD provides laser bias and modulation currents up to 43 mA and 24 mA, respectively. It can thus be used to drive vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and edge-emitting laser diodes. A pre-emphasis circuit, which can provide up to 12 mA in 70 ps pulses, has also been implemented to compensate for high external capacitive loads. The current driving capabilities of the LpGBLD are 2 times smaller that those of the GBLD as it has been optimized to drive VCSELs in order to minimize the power consumption. Both application-specific integrated circuits are designed in 0.13 μm commercial complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology and are powered by a single 2.5 V supply. The power consumption of the core circuit is 89 mW for the GBLD and 55 mW for the LpGBLD.

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The Micro-Vertex-Detector (MVD) is the innermost detector of the ANDA target spectrometer utilizing silicon hybrid pixel detectors and double-sided microstrip detectors in the inner and outer parts, respectively. The experimental setup requires sophisticated solutions for the detector integration in order to maintain a stringent material budget. Basic detector layout, the overall support concept and the integration of main detector parts are summarized in this article. First support components made of lightweight carbon structures have been manufactured. Selected parts of the prototype development will be presented. Finally, a conversion tool allows the migration of detailed CAD models to physics simulations. In this way the impact of engineering solutions on the overall detector performance can be checked.

m CMOS Technology for HEP Applications

The antiProton ANnihilation at DArmstadt (PANDA) is a new experiment under development, with fixed target layout. It exploits the antiproton beam that will be available at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (Fair). The Micro Vertex Detector (MVD) is at few centimetres from the interaction point, and it is composed of 4 coaxial barrels, and 6 forward disks. Pixels were chosen for the internal layers to cope with the high event rate, while strips for the external ones to cover large areas. A 100 kGy TID and a 1 MeV equivalent neutron fluence of 10 n/cm is expected, in 10 years lifetime with a 50 % duty cycle. The front end electronics allows to acquire information as the position, time and energy of the incoming particle. The readout electronics for the pixel sensor is a custom project, called Topix, in a 130 nm CMOS technology. The size of the pixel is 100 × 100 μm and contains the analogue section with the amplifier, and the digital part with registers. There is a couple of 12 bit registers to store the leading and trailing edges, which define the TOT. Then there is an 8 bit configuration register for the pixel setting, as the local threshold, the masking and others controls. The device under test was a reduced scale prototype with 640 cell instead of 12.8 × 10 cell, as in the final ASIC. Due to the limited area, the registers are implemented with latches. They are protected against the Single Event Upset (SEU), by the Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR).

Mechanics and detector integration in the bar PANDA Micro-Vertex-Detector1

PANDA is a fixed target experiment with antiproton beam up to 15 GeV/ c, that will take place at the future FAIR facility. ThePANDA experiment will allow the study of different physics topics , from hadron structure and quark-gluon dynamics to nuclear p hysics. The Micro-Vertex Detector (MVD) is the detector closest to the interaction point, and i t is equipped with pixel and strip detectors. The MVD is designed to reconstruct the secondary vertices of the involved charmed mesons, featuring good spatial resolution, limited materi l budget, radiation hardness, and PID capability. The peculiar requirement to work in a triggerle ss nvironment asks for the capability to handle very high data rates. The hybrid pixel R&D program is in its final stage. Its design i s based on thin epitaxial sensors and readout chip developed in 130nm CMOS technology. Here th e latest pixel detector R&D achievements are presented.