Daniella Jorge de Moura

Temperatura corporal de frangos de corte em diferentes sistemas de climatização

The effect of different thermal control systems on broiler body temperature was evaluated in 610 female broiler chickens, Cobb breed, housed in 10 small scale of aviaries models (treatments). Climate data were collected inside the models and were used to calculate the Thermal Heat Load (THL). Bird surface and rectal temperature were recorded to calculate average body temperature (ABT). Data were always collected from 1:00 and 2:00 pm, the hour of maximum THL inside models. The treatments consisted of a factorial 2 × 5 (two orientations and five models of thermal control) and were analyzed as a randomized blocks design, where the days were blocking criteria. Environment and body temperature data were statically analyzed by Duncan test, with 5% of probability level. The use of forced ventilation associated to misting nozzles improved thermal behavior of the buildings resulting in better broilers physiological conditions. The adequate utilization of thermal control equipments allows to raise broiler chicks in houses with different solar orientation.

Efeitos da climatização do curral de espera na produção de leite de vacas holandesas

This work was carried out to evaluate the effect of the climatization of environments in daily pay-milking conditions. The experiment was carried out in the experimental farm of the Institute of Zootecnia, in Nova Odessa, SP, during twelve consecutive days of the summer. The effects of the system of evaporative cooling (SRE), by fogging in the wait corral and milking room were analyzed. Twelve Holstein cows were divided in two groups, where only the second group had passed climatization. Data environment were recorded at 7:00 am and 3:00 pm. For evaluation of the ambient data, index of thermal comfort, index of globe temperature (WBGT), temperature humidity index (THI) and index of radiant thermal load (CTR) were used. The physiolological responses as cardiac frequency, respiratory frequency, retal temperature and production had been also considered variable responses. It was concluded that the effect of cooling of the environment is more significant in the schedule of second milking (3:00 pm) when compared to the of the first one (7:00 am), improving the conditions of thermal comfort in the wait corral, contemplating in an increase of 7,28% in the production of milk, besides promoting a reduction in the breathing and heart frequency.

Microclima de abrigos escamoteadores para leitões submetidos a diferentes sistemas de aquecimento no período de inverno

The general objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of different systems of heating in creep for piglets. The experiment was conducted in a commercial swine production farm, located in Elias Fausto city, in the State of Sao Paulo. The research was developed in the farrowing house, with 80 animals between the birth and weanning, adopting 4 different heating systems: heat mat, standard heating lamp, electrical resistance and infrared lamp. The ambient variables were observed inside and outside the farrowing house and inside each studied creep, during 18 days. For animal production evaluation of daily weight gain and mortality were registered too. The techno-economic analysis was made considering the consumption of electric energy and the weight gained by animals. The statistical design of the experiment was a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 18 blocks. The heating systems presented significant differences for dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, and thermal comfort indexes, radiant thermal load and enthalpy. The treatments standard incandescent bulb and electrical resistance were found to be more adequate from techno-economical point of view.

Análise de imagem aplicada ao estudo do comportamento de leitões em abrigo escamoteador

The objective of this research was to evaluate the behavior of piglets in different heating systems using the image analysis and geostatistics. This research was developed in a farrowing house, with 80 piglets between birth and weaning. The treatments were different heating systems: heat mat, standard heat lamp, electric resistance and infrared lamp. The climatic data were taken inside and outside the farrowing house and inside each studied creep, during two periods of 19 days long. The statistical design of the experiment was a randomized block with four treatments and 18 blocks. A Tukey test with 1% of probability was performed to compare the results averages. The average values of dry bulb temperature showed that the environment with heat mat presented a lesser temperature in the generated microclimate, followed by the standard heat lamp, electric resistance and infrared lamp. The three first treatments were recommended for better comforting for the piglets in the farrowing house. The behavior of the piglets was evaluated using the image analysis, and indicated that the best treatment was the heat mat as in the exchanges of sensible heat for conduction (contact), promoting better condition of comfort to the animals.

Desempenho da cultura da rúcula cultivada em época de verão em túneis baixos de polietileno perfurado

Low tunnels is a type of greenhouse that is used for cultivation of species of small load, as lettuce, strawberry, sweet pepper, rocket press and cucumber. This type of greenhouse has a smaller cost of installation than other because its lower high. The plastic covering allows the gain of temperature during the day improving plant growth, protecting the crop from the impact of the rain, cold wind and low temperature. The purpose of this research was to decide the atmosphere changes with the use of polyethylene film with density fall, in low tunnel with perforated area at 0; 5; 10; 15, and 20% in the plastic in the development of the rocket press culture (Eruca vesicaria sativa (Mill) Thell). The results showed different productivity between the tunnel with different holes and significative differences in physics characteristics of plants between some different treatments. As for the inside atmosphere of the tunnel it could see by statistic analysis, that the air temperature in review schedule of the day had significative difference between 0% of perforation and soil without covering, and, the air absolute humidity is higher as much less is the perforated plastic covering.

Applied Intelligent System for Environmental Control in Dairy Housing

Some studies show that animal performance is influenced by the thermal environment and that the intensity of thermal stress is linked with the region that the animals are lodged, questioning the limits of the temperature and humidity index (THI). The objective of this study was to model and evaluate the impact of thermal stress using data mining of meteorological data (air temperature and relative humidity) and physiological data (rectal temperature and respiratory rate) and, thus, to determine the critical intervals of the THI. The database was built with meteorological and physiological data from a dairy farm located in Sao Pedro – Sao Paolo state, Brazil. For the data mining process, the computational program Weka (version 3-4) was used to build a decision tree, using the J48 algorithm. According to the results, it is possible to adapt the THI as a function of the region and the animals using data mining of meteorological and physiological data. The analysis of the database indicated a high capacity of the model in representing the classes of comfort from this data set. It was found that when the internal THI is less than or equal to 77, the thermal comfort is high, and when THI is higher than 80, thermal comfort is low.

Evaluation of the Migratory Distance of Passive Transponders Injected In Different Body Sites of Broilers Using Electronic Identification

The present work is the first step of a main research that will study the behavior of broilers nsubmitted to thermal stress conditions, using electronic identification devices. The objective of this nwork was to evaluate the best body site of broilers to inject passive transponders. Twenty two nbroilers with 35 days old were subcutaneously injected with glass encapsulated passive ntransponders (Destron, 2,2 x 11,5 mm) . Five body regions were considered: crest, thigh, chest, foot, nand neck. The migration of the transponders, the ease of injection and animal reactions were nevaluated. Animals were radiographed in the same day, 2 and 7 days post injection to evaluate the migration distance from the injection point. Migration increased significantly with time in thigh and nchest that had the highest values (29,6 and 63,5mm) respectively. Crest, neck and foot showed the nlowest values of migration (2,8mm, 4,0mm and 11,2mm) respectively, which didn’t differ significantly nbetween them. The results suggested firstly the crest, secondly the neck and than the feet as nsuitable injection sites. Further researches are needed to investigate the readability of the ntransponders in these body sites.

Heat transfer to calculate minimum ventilation rates for broilers house.

The correct use of minimum ventilation and heating system on broiler’s brooding phase is important even in tropical climates such as Brazil. Thus, the study of heat exchange is important to determine new materials of insulation for the walls and roof, in order to achieve optimal levels of thermal comfort to raise the birds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the actual minimum ventilation rate compared to the ideal ventilation rate calculated throw the heat balance of the brooding area from a tunnel ventilated broiler house totally closed with black side curtains and to improve the minimum ventilation and the heating systems to reach the ideal temperature inside the brooding area. The trail was performed at Mombuca city, State of Sao Paulo. The broiler house had a brooding area that was divided in 80 grids to collect the climatic variables (dry bulb temperature, relative humidity and air velocity) at the birds’ level and inside and outside the broiler house and the CO2 concentration was collected only inside the brooding area. The inside and outside surface temperature of all the brooding area (curtains, ceiling and roof) was collected using a thermograph camera. All data were collected 4 times a day (9AM, 2PM, 5PM and 9PM), in winter-time. The minimum ventilation rate was calculated according the methodology proposed by Albright (1990). The temperature was always below the ideal temperature according Nicholson et al. 2004 demonstrating the need of a 58Kg of diesel/day to reach the birds ideal temperature.

Data Mining Applied to Horse Thermal Comfort

Thermal comfort plays a critical role in body temperature regulation. Heat-regulation mechanisms, such as changes in peripheral blood flow, are activated by thermal stress to maintain body homeostasis and it can results in a fluctuation of skin temperature. Although thermal comfort of horse has been studied, its relation with surface temperature is rarely seen in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the potential of data mining techniques in knowledge discovery by associating surface temperature with thermal comfort of horses. The decision tree model presented 74.0% of accuracy and all attributes of dataset were considered relevant for the classification problem. The results revealed the potential of data mining techniques to equine thermal comfort classification problems

Different light intensity on the behavior and welfare of commercial broiler chicks.

In Brazil, the use of buildings with negative pressure system is increasing. The influence of different colors of side curtains on bird’s behavior is unknown. Depending on the curtain’s color its causes more or less luminosity inside the building, especially because the birds are photosensitivity. The luminosity has direct influence on the incidence of leg problems, and the UV rays may prevent it. This research aimed to evaluate the use of different curtain’s colors of broiler houses with negative pressure system with an emphasis in behavior and the incidence of leg problems. Three poultry farms located in Tiete / SP and Cerquilho / SP were studied, where treatment T1 was a negative pressure broiler house with black curtain, treatment T2 negative pressure broiler house with blue curtain and treatment T3 negative pressure broiler house with yellow curtain. Environmental data, animal behavior and the incidence of leg problems were monitored, during 3 flocks. Also, variable “Comfort TA” was created to evaluate the environmental conditions of the studied broiler houses. It was found a significant difference in bird’s behavior between treatments and some of them were related to luminosity. There was no relation between the incidence of leg problems with the light intensity and ultraviolet rays. The behavior of birds was influenced by the environmental variables.