Dariusz Włodarek

Calcium intake and osteoporosis: the influence of calcium intake from dairy products on hip bone mineral density and fracture incidence - a population-based study in women over 55 years of age.

OBJECTIVE The incidence of osteoporosis increases with age and is most frequently observed in postmenopausal women. The objective of the present population-based cohort study was to assess the influence of Ca intake from dairy sources on hip bone mineral density and hip fracture incidence in a group of Polish women over 55 years of age. DESIGN The main outcome measures included: bone mineral density, the number of previous fractures and the reported Ca intake from dairy sources, assessed by a diet questionnaire. SETTING The RAC-OST-POL Study was conducted in the District of Raciborz in the south of Poland. SUBJECTS The study was carried out in a group of 625 women, randomly recruited from the general population of women aged >55 years. RESULTS Median Ca intake from dairy products was lower in the group of women with femoral neck T-score ≤-2·5 than in the group with T-score >-2·5 (275 v. 383 mg/d; P = 0·0019). For total hip score, the difference was close to borderline significance (P = 0·0698). Median Ca intake from dairy products was lower in the group of women with previous fractures than in those without fracture history (336 v. 395 mg/d; P = 0·0254). The main dairy source of Ca in the analysed group included milk drinks, rennet cheese and milk. CONCLUSIONS Higher dairy Ca intake is recommended, since a number of the women analysed were unable to satisfy their Ca requirement exclusively from their diet.

Vitamin D Dietary Intake Questionnaire Validation Conducted among Young Polish Women

Due to inadequate intake of Vitamin D, identification of individuals characterised by the highest risk of deficiencies is one of the more crucial tasks for public health. The aim of the presented study was to assess the validity and reproducibility of the designed Vitamin D dietary intake questionnaire based on food frequency assessment—VIDEO-FFQ (VItamin D Estimation Only—Food Frequency Questionnaire) in a group of Polish women aged 20–30 years. Seventy-five participants kept a three-day dietary record and filled out the VIDEO-FFQ twice (immediately after the three-day dietary record and after six weeks). The assessment of validity and reproducibility was conducted by verifying standard errors of estimation, median differences, and percentages of individuals classified into tertiles, correlations and Bland-Altman plots. The Vitamin D intake for the majority of the surveyed women was inadequate as over 85% of them were characterised by values of intake lower than 5.0 μg per day. The results allowed concluding that a high accuracy of the VIDEO-FFQ was achieved. The required Bland-Altman index values lower than 5.0% were obtained, confirming satisfactory validity and reproducibility. The VIDEO-FFQ may be deemed a convenient practical tool for the estimation of Vitamin D intake in young women.

Assessing the Validity and Reproducibility of an Iron Dietary Intake Questionnaire Conducted in a Group of Young Polish Women

The aim of the study was to analyse a designed brief iron dietary intake questionnaire based on a food frequency assessment (IRONIC-FFQ—IRON Intake Calculation-Food Frequency Questionnaire), including the assessment of validity and reproducibility in a group of 75 Polish women aged 20–30 years. Participants conducted 3-day dietary records and filled in the IRONIC-FFQ twice (FFQ1—directly after the dietary record and FFQ2—6 weeks later). The analysis included an assessment of validity (comparison with the results of the 3-day dietary record) and of reproducibility (comparison of the results obtained twice—FFQ1 and FFQ2). In the analysis of validity, the share of individuals correctly classified into tertiles was over 50% (weighted κ of 0.36), while analysis of correlation revealed correlation coefficients of almost 0.5. In the assessment of reproducibility, almost 80% of individuals were correctly classified and less than 3% were misclassified (weighted κ of 0.73), while a correlation coefficient higher than 0.85 was obtained. Both in the assessment of validity and of reproducibility, a Bland–Altman index of 6.7% was recorded (93.3% of compared pairs of results were in the acceptable range, attributed to differences within ± 2SD limit). Validation of the IRONIC-FFQ revealed a satisfactory level of validity and positively validated reproducibility.

Assessment of diet in chronic kidney disease female predialysis patients

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Nutrition is important in the therapy of predialysis patients. The aim of the presented single-centre descriptive study was to assess the diet in chronic kidney disease female predialysis patients with no previous dietary intervention, in comparison with recommendations, as well as the analysis of the energy, protein and phosphate intake in correlation with chosen laboratory measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research was carried out in 31 female predialysis patients with CKD of different etiology, aged 29-79 years (GFR: 19.4±9.7 ml/min/1.73 m2). Main outcome measures were self-reported data from three-day dietary recall. Nutrients content and energy value of diet were compared with guidelines for chronic kidney disease patients or, in case of nutrients when they are not settled, with the recommendations for healthy women. RESULTS All patients had a lower energy intake than the recommended level. At the same time, 35.8% of patients were characterised by improper protein intake--too low or too high. The majority of patients had low intake of most of vitamins and minerals. The total, animal and plant protein were positively correlated with the energy value of diet and with amount of most of the nutrients. Values of GFR were positively correlated with animal protein intake, while phosphate and creatinine in blood were negatively correlated with total and animal protein intake. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights that diet of CKD predialysis patients with no previous dietary intervention is not properly balanced.

Possibilities of using the sensewear mobile monitor in the assessment of the physical activity

The aim of the presented case study analysis was to present the possibilities of using the SenseWear PRO3 Armband mobile monitor in the assessment of physical activities. During the measurement, the SenseWear PRO3 Armband recorded the following parameters: total energy expenditure [kcal], average METs (for the whole analyzed period) [-], number of steps [-], active energy expenditure [kcal], lying down duration [min], sleep duration [min], sedentary physical activity duration [min], physical activity duration [min], including moderate physical activity duration [min], vigorous physical activity duration [min] and very vigorous physical activity duration [min]. The results for chosen participant were analyzed – in various periods of time (for the 24 on-body hours session of wearing the SenseWear PRO3 Armband and the whole session), as well as for basic and broaden analysis. The graphical reports from the sessions were also presented. It was concluded that the SenseWear PRO3 Armband device is a valuable tool in everyday medical practice to specify the physical activity of individuals and to verify their declarations. For users, the SenseWear PRO3 Armband device is easy to handle, while measurement is not onerous and does not disturb typical activities.

Hematological parameters and all-cause mortality: a prospective study of older people

BackgroundThe effect of low and high concentration of some hematological parameters in the blood can have a negative impact on health.AimTherefore, we investigated the associations between hematological parameters and all-cause mortality among older people living in Poland.MethodsThe study was carried out among 75–80-year-old participants (n = 403) from Warsaw and Olsztyn regions, Poland. Information on lifestyle factors and food consumption were obtained at baseline (June 1, 1999) using a self-administered questionnaire. Red blood cell, haemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were determined. The data on deaths from all-causes were collected from the baseline until October 31, 2006. During an average of 7.4 years of follow-up, we ascertained 154 cases of death from all-causes.ResultsCompared with men in the lowest tertile of MCV, MCH, and MCHC, the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality in those in the highest tertile were 0.35 (95% CI, 0.17–0.73), 0.32 (95% CI, 0.16–0.67), and 0.44 (95% CI, 0.22–0.88), respectively. In contrast, among women after combining the second and the third tertiles of MCV, MCH, and MCHC, the HRs were 2.01 (95% CI, 1.01–3.99), 1.71 (95% CI, 0.85–3.43), and 1.09 (95% CI, 0.62–1.94), respectively.Discussion/conclusionWe observed inverse associations between some hematological parameters and all-cause mortality among men, but not among women. This may be explained by a difference in iron metabolism, iron status, hormone regulations, or the occurrence of some diseases.

INDIRECT CALORIMETRY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF THE ENERGY REQUIREMENT IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE WOMEN

Individual total energy expenditure may be calculated as a sum of basal energy requirement and energy expenditure associated with physical activity. Measurement of basal energy requirement is not often conducted in dietetic practice, but may be applied using indirect calorimetry. The aim of the analysis was to present the possibilities of using the Fitmate PRO monitor in the assessment of resting metabolic rate and basal energy expenditure with a method of indirect calorimetry in a group of 91 overweight and obese women in various age. The mean results of the resting metabolic rate measured with method of indirect calorimetry using the Fitmate PRO monitor did not differ in the age groups of overweight and obese women. The results of the resting metabolic rate measured with method of indirect calorimetry using the Fitmate PRO monitor were correlated with body mass, height, fat mass, muscle mass and waist circumference. The Fitmate PRO monitor may be a valuable tool in everyday dietetic practice to assess the basal energy expenditure with method of indirect calorimetry in a group of overweight and obese women.

Produkty mięsne należące do grupy żywności funkcjonalnej, z uwzględnieniem potrzeb chorych na nieswoiste stany zapalne jelit

Functional meat products designed for individuals with inflammatory bowel disease Functional meat products designed for individuals with inflammatory bowel disease The diet high in meat products may be one of the reasons of inflammatory bowel diseases. Simultaneously, the meat consumption in this group of patients is in many cases high, however it may possibly have negative impact on the symptoms of disease. On the other hand, meat functional products may have a positive influence on health and well-being of people with inflammatory bowel diseases. Important may be especially meat and meat products characterized by reduced alergenicity, reduced preservatives content, modified fatty acids composition, with probiotics, antioxidants, that may be applied in case of people with inflammatory bowel diseases instead of typical products. They may allow to enhance intake of deficit nutrients and to eliminate components of adverse effect.

Assessment of daily energy expenditure in women with Alzheimer disease living in nursing home

Katarzyna A. Gustaw-Rothenberg, Bozena Leszczynska, Marek Majkowski, Lucyna Majkowska, Dariusz Wlodarek, IMW, Lublin, Poland; Memory and Cognition Center, Neurological Institute, Beachwood, OH, USA; Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland; Zaklad Opiekunczo-Leczniczy, Koprzywnica, Poland. Contact e-mail: kasiagu@yahoo.ca