Darmawan Darwis
Nuclear Energy Agency
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Featured researches published by Darmawan Darwis.
Radiation Physics and Chemistry | 1995
Fumio Yoshii; Keizo Makuuchi; Darmawan Darwis; T. Iriawan; Mirzan T. Razzak; Janusz M. Rosiak
Abstract Six methods were used to evaluate the heat resistance of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel prepared by a combination of electron beam irradiation and acetalization of PVA. The physical properties of the hydrogel depended on the degree of acetilization which was affected by content of water in PVA sheet of acetalization in formaldehyde solution at 60°C. It was found that the optimum water content was 20–30%. The acetalized PVA sheet gave maximum tensile strength in electron beams irradiation at 100 kGy. The tensile strength of the hydrogel film increased to 20 MPa from 14 MPa by the irradiation. Heat resistance of the hydrogel was evaluated by measuring the mechanical properties after sterilization in a steam autoclave at 121°C for 90 min. The tensile strength decreased to 10 MPa whereas the elongation at break increased to 300%. The tackiness of the hydrogel was improved by radiation grafting of acrylic acid. Wholesomeness of the hydrogel as a wound dressing was evaluated by attaching to a burn or wound of the back skin of marmots. Advantages of the hydrogel over a gauze dressing were homogeneous adhesion to the affected parts, easy removal without damage to renewed skin and slightly faster rate of reconstruction of the injured skin.
Radiation Physics and Chemistry | 2002
Darmawan Darwis; P. Stasica; Mirzan T. Razzak; Janusz M. Rosiak
Abstract In the recent years, development of intervertebral disc prosthesis has been of great concern to the world of medicine and science. Substitution of the spinal disc or its part being displaced or damaged due to trauma or a disease process for the artificial structure well imitating high tensile properties and elasticity of the real disc would highly improve the existing treatment techniques. In this work, the attempt to develop the PVA-based hydrogel material for artificial spinal disc has been made. The polymer was initially processed with the use of formaldehyde solution as a crosslinking agent and sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Then properties of the material have been altered by saturating the already existing PVA hydrogel with a mixture of hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate) and a subsequent exposure to ionizing radiation ( 60 Co source). In this way, interpenetrating polymer network has been built on the crosslinked PVA scaffold. Resulting structures were tested for their mechanical behavior at different loads. Series of measurements leading to the determination of the physicochemical properties of created gels including crosslink density and swelling abilities were also performed.
Jurnal Ilmiah Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi | 2013
Darmawan Darwis; Lely Hardiningsih
Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengembangkan sediaan hidrogel sebagai penurun demam dengan teknik iradiasi gamma. Hidrogel dibuat dengan meradiasi campuran polimer PVP dengan konsentrasi 7% (b/v) dan pati singkong dengan berbagai konsentrasi menggunakan sinar gamma pada rentang dosis 20 sampai 40 kGy. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi pati yang optimum untuk membentuk konstituen padat PVP-pati sebelum diiradiasi adalah 10-15%. Fraksi gel dari hidrogel PVP-pati bertambah dengan bertambahnya dosis hingga 35 kGy, namun penambahan dosis di atas 35 kGy tidak menyebabkan penambahan fraksi gel. Pada dosis iradiasi yang sama, fraksi gel tidak dipengaruhi oleh konsentrasi pati. Fraksi gel maksimum dicapai pada dosis radiasi 35 kGy. Kadar air hidrogel PVP dengan konsentrasi pati 10-15 % berkisar antara 73 — 76 %. Kadar air hidrogel bergantung pada konsentrasi pati. Semakin besar konsentrasi pati, semakin kecil kadar air hidrogel. Dosis iradiasi tidak berpengaruh pada kadar air hidrogel. Kandungan air hidrogel yang cukup besar sangat potensial untuk digunakan sebagai penurun demam. Hidrogel PVP-pati hasil iradiasi gamma pada dosis 35 kGy mempunyai kemampuan menurunkan suhu air dari 40°C menjadi 36°C dalam waktu 21 menit untuk hidrogel dengan konsentrasi pati 10%, 24 menit untuk hidrogel dengan konsentrasi pati 12,5% dan hidrogel dengan konsentrasi pati 15%. Hidrogel komersial dapat menurunkan suhu air dari 40°C menjadi 36°C dalam waktu 24 menit. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa hidrogel PVP dengan konsentrasi pati 10 % mampu menurunkan suhu dalam waktu yang lebih cepat dibandingkan hidrogel dengan konsentrasi pati 12,5 dan 15 % maupun hidrogel komersial. Selain keunggulan tersebut, hidrogel PVP-pati ini mempunyai beberapa kelemahan yaitu tidak melekat dengan baik pada kulit sehingga absorpsi panas menjadi tidak optimal dan berwarna putih tidak transparan serta agak rapuh.
Macromolecular Symposia | 2015
Tita Puspitasari; Oktaviani; Dewi Sekar Pangerteni; Erva Nurfilah; Darmawan Darwis
Atom Indonesia | 2012
Darmawan Darwis; T. Khusniya; L. Hardiningsih; Farah Nurlidar; H. Winarno
Macromolecular Symposia | 2015
Darmawan Darwis; Erizal; B. Abbas; Farah Nurlidar; D. Pribadi Putra
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Nuklir Indonesia | 2013
Darmawan Darwis; Farah Nurlidar; Yessy Warastuti; Lely Hardiningsih
Macromolecular Symposia | 2015
Farah Nurlidar; Emil Budianto; Darmawan Darwis; Sugiarto
Jurnal Ilmiah Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi | 2013
Darmawan Darwis; Yessy Warastuti; Lely Hardiningsih
Jurnal Ilmiah Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi | 2013
Darmawan Darwis; Taty Erlinda Basyir; Lely Hardiningsih; Rahayu Chosdu