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Dive into the research topics where Darryl S. Wood is active.

Publication


Featured researches published by Darryl S. Wood.


International Journal of Circumpolar Health | 2011

Alcohol controls and violence in Nunavut: A comparison of wet and dry communities

Darryl S. Wood

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine if communities in Nunavut that prohibit the importation of alcoholic beverages have less violence relative to communities that allow alcohol importation. Study design. A retrospective cross-sectional study based on community-level records of violent crimes known to the police. Methods. Violence was measured using community-level records of homicide, assault and sexual assault as reported to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in 23 communities in Nunavut for the years 1986 to 2006. Crude-rate comparisons were made between wet communities (which allow alcohol importation) and dry communities (which prohibit alcohol importation) and contrasted with national rates for context. Results. Wet communities in Nunavut recorded rates of violent crime that were higher than the rates recorded by dry communities. Relative to dry communities, wet communities’ overall sexual assault rate was 1.48 (95% CI=1.38–1.60) times higher, the serious assault rate was 2.10 (95% CI=1.88–2.35) times higher and the homicide rate was 2.88 (95% CI=1.18–8.84) times higher. Although safer than wet communities, dry communities reported rates of violence that were higher than national rates including a serious assault rate that was double the national rate (3.25 per 1,000 vs. 1.44 per 1,000) and a sexual assault rate that was at least seven times as high as the national rate (7.58 per 1,000 vs. 0.88 per 1,000). Conclusions. As elsewhere in the Arctic, communities in Nunavut that prohibited alcohol were less violent than those that allowed alcohol importation. Even with prohibition, dry communities recorded rates of violence much greater than the national average.


Criminal Justice Policy Review | 2011

Police Presence, Isolation, and Sexual Assault Prosecution

Darryl S. Wood; André B. Rosay; Greg Postle; Katherine TePas

This article considers the effects of geographic isolation and local police presence on the processing of 239 sexual assault cases reported to the Alaska State Troopers. Geographic isolation is hypothesized to hinder case processing due to its impact on the celerity and thoroughness of investigations, whereas the presence of local police is hypothesized to facilitate case processing by legitimizing reported offenses and assisting with evidence collection. Controlling for a host of important legal and “extra legal” case characteristics, the authors find that geographic isolation and local police presence did significantly influence case processing. However, contrary to expectations, geographic isolation facilitates case processing in that sexual assault cases from isolated locations are actually more likely to be referred for prosecution. As expected, local police presence facilitates case processing by enhancing the likelihood that referred cases would be accepted for prosecution. Implications for rural policing are discussed.


Journal of Interpersonal Violence | 2010

The Validity of Injury Surveillance System Measures of Assault A Lesson From the Study of Violence in Alaska

Darryl S. Wood

This article considers the validity of estimates of intentional violence using a statewide injury recording system: the Alaska Trauma Registry (ATR). One benefit of using data from an injury surveillance system is that its records are generated without police involvement, thereby reducing the likelihood of undercounting. However, there is reason to suspect that measures of violence derived from injury surveillance systems do not accurately measure underlying levels of assault in a population and are instead partly a reflection of influential patient characteristics. The ATR was used to compare assault injury cases of Alaska Natives with those of non—Natives to determine if patient characteristics varied between racial groups and to determine if those characteristics served to bias comparisons of injury rates. Results indicate that differences in assault injury rates are partly attributable to a greater proportion of Alaska Native patients being hospitalized for injuries of only minor or moderate severity.


Deviant Behavior | 2017

Is Alaska an Aberration or the Worst Case? A Robust Regression Approach to Understanding Inter-State Variations of Forcible Rape

Darryl S. Wood

ABSTRACT Alaska’s rape rate perennially exceeds that of all other states. This study considers Alaska’s socioeconomic extremes—its frontier demography, its externally dependent resource economy, and its military presence—as explanations for inter-state variations of sexual violence. Robust regression procedures that accommodate extreme values were used to account for the effects of measures capturing Alaska’s unique socioeconomic qualities on state-level rape rates. The results showing that other economically dependent states with frontier demographic structures also report elevated rape rates indicate that despite its endemic levels of sexual violence, Alaska is not an aberration but is instead the worst case possible.


Criminal Justice Studies | 2008

Criterion validity of self‐reported drug use among Alaska Native and non‐Native arrestees in Anchorage, Alaska

Darryl S. Wood

Alaska Natives’ culturally based propensity toward truth‐telling is said to result in overrepresentation in prison because it is thought they are more likely to confess when interrogated. Using data gathered for the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring program, this study considered the assertion that Alaska Natives are more truthful than non‐Natives. The criterion validity of self‐reported drug use measures was examined using urinalysis results. The hypothesis that the differences between self‐reported drug use and urinalysis results would be smaller for Alaska Natives than for non‐Natives was not confirmed; most arrestees – both Alaska Native and non‐Native – were truthful about their drug use.


Archive | 2007

Descriptive Analysis of Sexual Assault Incidents Reported to Alaska State Troopers: 2003–2004

Greg Postle; André B. Rosay; Darryl S. Wood; Katherine TePas


Archive | 2010

2010 Alaska Victimization Survey

Sandy Samaniego; Lauree Morton; André B. Rosay; Brad A. Myrstol; Marny Rivera; Darryl S. Wood


Alaska Justice Forum Reprints | 2009

Sexual Assaults Reported to Alaska State Troopers

André B. Rosay; Greg Postle; Darryl S. Wood; Katherine TePas


Archive | 2011

Alaska Victimization Survey: 2011 Results for Anchorage

André B. Rosay; Lauree Morton; Brad A. Myrstol; Marny Rivera; Darryl S. Wood


Archive | 2011

Alaska Victimization Survey: Detailed Responses to Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Violence Questions

André B. Rosay; Marny Rivera; Brad A. Myrstol; Darryl S. Wood

Collaboration


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André B. Rosay

University of Alaska Anchorage

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Brad A. Myrstol

University of Alaska Anchorage

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