David G. Carter

Minority Students, Ability Grouping, and Career Development.

A major function of school counseling has been the placement of students in career-oriented tracks. Thus, the most forceful influence on student vocational development is the placing of students in certain ability tracks. These tracks will not necessarily state who will become a blue-collar worker or lawyer, but they do separate students into professionaland non-professional-oriented groups. Most school counselors do very little career counseling beyond the placement of students in ability groups. There are always exceptions, however. Even in situations where there are no counselors, teachers and administrators make extensive use of tracking or ability grouping. When counselors do stress career planning, it is generally after the student has been grouped. Unfortunately, the choice of becoming a professional or nonprofessional were made at the point when the decision was made as to what track the student would be placed. It is assumed that students placed in the higher tracks will become professionals, and those placed in the lower tracks are headed for nonprofessional careers.

A Historical Perspective of the Emergence of Higher Education in Black Colleges.

They prepared the stage for academic development, although none survived to witness the flowering, once their work had been released from the morass of primitive beginnings [Johnson, 1938].

Accountability on Stage ... Again

The principal is at the crossroads of accountabil ity, writes this author, who feels that plans for change are best brought about (and perhaps only) through the building principal.