David J. McArthur

Strategies of cooperation in distributed problem solving

Distributed Artificial Intelligence is concerned with problem solving in which groups solve tasks. In this paper we describe strategies of cooperation that groups require to solve shared tasks effectively. We discuss such strategies in the context of a specific group problem solving application: collision avoidance in air traffic control. Experimental findings with four distinct air-traffic control systems, each implementing a different cooperative strategy, are mentioned.

Skill-oriented task sequencing in an intelligent tutor for basic algebra

As part of a project to develop an intelligent computer tutor for basic algebra, we have been investigating task sequencing. In this paper we present an approach to task sequencing that is based on a component-skills view of intelligence and learning. We postulate that tutors use inferences about past and present student performance to determine a current skill set that will be the new target for learning. The skill set is then used as a basis for generating tasks that should elicit those skills. Current skill sets are modified slowly over time so that lessons appear coherent and well-planned. We first describe the approach at a general level, where it can be viewed as a cognitive model of human task sequencing. Then we discuss the implementation of the model in our intelligent algebra tutoring system.

Learning Problem-Solving Skills in Algebra

In this article we describe aspects of our intelligent tutor for basic algebra. A main goal of the project is to develop a computer tutoring system whose skills and knowledge approximate those of a high-quality human tutor. We are particularly interested in exploring novel learning opportunities that can be made available to students for the first time by exploiting the reactive capabilities of such intelligent tutors. In this context, we focus here on the role of an algebra expert system embedded in the tutor. We discuss how it can be used to help students learn several nontraditional types of skill and knowledge in the context of algebra, including goal-directed reasoning skills, and debugging techniques.