David K. Olsen

Anomalous low energy Kα lines in Al and Si from high energy oxygen bombardments

Abstract Three prominant peaks are observed in Kα X-ray spectra of both Al and Si at energies below the characteristic Kα 1,2 lines. These emission lines were produced by 30 MeV oxygen bombardment and recorded with a crystal spectrometer. The exact origin of these lines is not understood.

Sodium satellite structure

A sample of sodium was bombarded by proton, helium, and oxygen beams and the subsequentK X-ray spectra measured. The spectra exhibit a preponderance of structure which is speculated upon in light of HFS calculations. The strongest lines are ascertained to be the normalKα satellite spectra produced by multiple electron vacancies in single ion-atom collisions.

Experimental energy dependence of aluminium multiple inner-shell ionization from 3.0 to 30.0 MeV oxygen bombardment

Abstract Aluminium, Kα, relative-satellite, X-ray yields for initial ionization states with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 additional L-shell vacancies produced from 3.0 to 30.0 MeV oxygen bombardment are shown to be consistent with a multiple-Coulomb reaction mechanism.

Observation of plasmon excitations in X-ray production following heavy ion bombardment

Abstract Four equidistant peaks are observed below the Kα 1,2 line in the X-ray spectra of Na, Al, Si, SiO 2 , Ca, Sc and Ti, produced by oxygen bombardment. With much weaker intensity, these lines are also seen in proton excitation. The lines are interpreted to be due to the excitation of one or more volume plasmons in the target material by the Kα 1,2 X-ray decay.

Molecular structure effects of aluminum Kβ x-ray spectra produced in proton and alpha particle excitation☆

Abstract Targets of Al and Al2O3 were bombarded by 0.8 MeV protons and 3.2 MeV alpha particles and the subsequent X-ray yield measured. The Kα X-ray spectra of Al and Al2O3 show fairly good agreement in both the proton and alpha-induced spectra; however, the structure in the Kβ X-ray spectra deviate from one another in both cases. These results are interpreted as effects due to the chemical bonding of the oxygen atoms to aluminum.

Solid‐state electronic structure effects of silicon Kβ x‐ray spectra produced in α‐particle excitation

Both Si and SiO2 crystals were bombarded by a 3.2‐MeV α‐particle beam and the subsequent Si K x‐ray yield was measured. The Kα x‐ray spectra show fairly close agreement; however, the structure in the Kβ x‐ray spectra is quite different for Si and SiO2. These results are interpreted as effects due to the chemical bonding of the oxygen atoms to silicon.

K X-ray satellite transitions in cobalt

Bombardment of cobalt with 42 MeV oxygen ions is seen to produce multiple inner shell electron excitation.Kα andKβ X-rays are measured and compared to Hartree-Fock-Slater calculated energies. This study of cobalt is the highestZ element where the satellite X-ray spectrum has been studied with good resolution.

K X-Ray Spectra from Si and SiO 2 after Oxygen Excitation

A beam of 30 MeV oxygen ions was used to excite silicon atoms in both a silicon crystal and in a silicon dioxide crystal. The resulting K X-ray spectra show marked deviation from one another.

Chemical bonding effects of silicon and silicon dioxide as observed in K X-ray emission

One s h o u l d expec t resu l t s as a re r e p o r t e d in t h i s paper . T h e chemica l s t r u c t u r e of solids is b o u n d to influen(,e t h e in t ens i t i e s of Kfl X r a y l ines s imp ly because of t h e elee. t r o n p o p u l a t i o n in t h e va l ence shell. Effects due to chemica l b i n d i n g h a v e b e e n sough t for s o m e t i m e and , usua l ly , on ly smal l dif ferences h a v e b e e n obse rved w h e n us ing elect r o n e x c i t a t i o n or X r a y f luorescence t e c h n i q u e s (1). T h e m a i n diff icul ty w i t h t h i s work is t h a t chemica l b i n d i n g is sma l l a n d t h e K X r a y energies are large, l eav ing on ly t ed ious m e a s u r e m e n t s of m i n u t e quan t i t i e s . R e c e n t works h a v e obse rved some effects s imi la r to those r e p o r t e d he re (2). D a t a r e p o r t e d in t h i s p a p e r show a spec t rum where t h e Kfl X r a y l ines a re d i f fe ren t a n d la rge effects a re obse rved due to chemica l b ind ing . A mode l K N H i g h Vol tage E n g i n e e r i n g Corpora t ion acce le ra to r was used to produce a s ingly ion ized h e l i u m b e a m of 3.2 MeV a n d a p r o t o n b e a m of 0.8 MeV. T h e b e a m was focused o n t o t h e t a r g e t p l a c e d in f r o n t of t h e e n t r a n c e sl i t of t h e s p e c t r o m e t e r w h i c h used a n A D P c r y s t a l to ref lect t h e X r a y s a n d a s t epp ing m o t o r t h a t con t ro l l ed b o t h t h e c ry s t a l a n d d e t e c t o r ang le of t h e spec t rome te r . A flow p r o p o r t i o n a l coun t e r was used to d e t e c t t h e a n a l y z e d X r a y s a n d a P D P 7 c o m p u t e r s to red t h e d a t a w h i c h