David L. Largent

trans-2-Nonenal, the cucumber odor of mushrooms

frans-2-Nonenal was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis as the cucumber odor in the cucumber/farinaceous subgroup of mushrooms with farinaceous odors. trans-2-Nonem was not found in the pure farinaceous or the rancid, oily or fishy/farinaceous variations of this fungal odor. Thus, the odor description cucumber/farinaceous is a valid category. Crushing the fruiting bodies before analysis increased the amount of frans-2-nonenal and other volatiles. The mushrooms species used for these experiments were Tricholoma virgatum, Clitopilus prunulus, Catathelasma ventricosa, Entoloma madidum, Leucopaxillus gentianeus, Nolanea sericea, and N. hirtipes.

Indole and 3-chloroindole: The source of the disagreeable odor of Hygrophorus paupertinus

The odor emanating from sporocarps of Hygrophorus paupertinus is disagreeable and fecal-like. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) and analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed 1-octen-3-ol, indole and 3-chloroindole were responsible for the odor. This is the first case in which 3-chloroindole has been identified from a terrestrial organism.

The coal tar odor of Tricholoma inamoenum

The odor of Tricholoma inamoenum (Fr.) Quel. (Agaricales, Tricholomataceae) has been described as a coal tar odor (Benedict and Stuntz, 1975; Smith, 1979), or smelling of illuminating gas (Moser, 1983) and can often be used as an aid in identification of the species. Using paper and silica gel chromatography, Hilber (1968) reported that indole and/or skatole were responsible for the odor in this species. In an on-going attempt to identify the major chemical constituents of numerous species of mushrooms with unusual odors, the coal tar odor of Tricholoma inamoenum was re-evaluated

Phenol, the odour compound from Agaricus praeclaresquamosus

were placed in dichloro-methane for 48h. The mixture was frozen and the dichloromethane layer decanted.Traces of water were removed from the dichloromethane with anhydrous sodiumsulphate. Phenol, the only volatile compound detected, was identiÞed using GC-MSanalysis.Anauthenticsampleofphenolhadidenticalretentiontimeandmassspectra[

2-Aminobenzaldehyde: the source of the sweet odor of Hebeloma sacchariolens

1 -New Valley, Western desert. Assiut J. Agric. Sci. 13: 93-100. Sands, W. A. 1969. The association of termites and fungi. Pp. 495-524. In: Biology of termites. Vol. 1. Eds., K. Krishna and F. M. Weesner. Academic Press, New York. Steinhaus, E. A. 1949. Principles of insect pathology. McGraw-Hill, New York. 759 pp. Tyagi, B. K., P. K. Sen-Sarma, P. S. Rehill, and P. C. Pandey. 1982. Termite-fungi interactions. IBioassay of decayed wood to Coptotermes heimi a ley, Western d sert. Assiut J. Agric. (Wasmann), Neotermes bosei Snyder and Microcerotermes beesoni Snyder. Assiut J. Agric. Sci. 13: 139-148. Zoberi, M. H., and J. K. Grace. 1990a. Fungi associated with the subterranean termite Reticulitermesflavipes in Ontario. Mycologia 82: 289-294. , and . 1990b. Isolation of the pathogen Beauveria bassiana from Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Sociobiology 16: 289296. ), eotermes bosei Snyder and Microes beesoni Snyder. A siut J. Agric. Sci. 13:

Rhodophylloid Fungi of the Pacific Coast (United States) IV: Infrageneric Concepts in Entoloma, Nolanea, And Leptonia

Keys to the genera of rhodophylloid fungi as well as infrageneric taxa of Entoloma, Nolanea and Leptonia are provided. The following taxa are described as new to science: Entoloma sections Typodoch...

A new species of Alboleptonia from Scotland

In 1971, an unnamed species of Alboleptonia was first reported from the Island of St. Kilda (Watling and Richardson, 1971). During the summer of 1973, one of us (D.L.L.) collected this species from the grasslands near Newtonmore, Inverness-shire. Since 1973, this agaric has been collected on the Island of Mull (Henderson and Watling, 1978) and, from the observations of one of us (R.W.), it appears to be widespread in rough pastures in north and northwest Scotland. The unnamed species of Alboleptonia is characterized by the lacerate-scaly pileus, the dark reddish brown staining reaction of the entire basidiocarp, the lack of clamp connections, the cylindro-clavate cheilocystidia, and the elliptical (in section), heterodiametric, 5-6-angled basidiospores. This combination of features is not found in any other species of Alboleptonia (Largent and Benedict, 1970; Romagnesi and Gilles, 1979; Horak, 1980; Pegler, 1983). Colors in the following description are taken from Kornerup and Wanscher (1961), with the first number(s) designating the page, the letter(s) designating vertical column(s), and the last number(s) designating the horizontal column. Fifteen measurements each were taken on random samples of spores, cystidia, and basidia. Abbreviations used in the description are as follows: xL = average length; xW = average width; L - D = length minus diam (i.e., width); Q = spore length divided by spore width; and L/W = length divided by width.