David Loades

The reign of Mary Tudor : politics, government and religion in England, 1553-1558

Introduction. 1. The Structure of the Regime:Court, Council and Administration. 2. The Spanish Marriage. 3. The Restoration of the Old Regime. 4. Financial Policy. 1553-54. 5. Philip as King of England 1554-57. 6. The Government at Work 1554-57. 7. Financial Affairs 1554-57. 8. The Religious Reaction - Pole as Legate. 9. War and Government 1557-58. 10. War and Finance 1557-58. The English Church Under Papal Disfavour. Conclusion. Appendix: The Privy Council Under Mary.

Power in Tudor England

Preamble: a Personal Monarchy - The Nature of Authority - Structures -The Council - Royal Commissions - The Parliament - The Royal Court - The Special Jurisdictions - Regional and Provincial Identity - Maps - Select and Annotated Bibliography - Index

The Sense of National Identity among the Marian Exiles (1553–1558)

Dr Cox and others with him came to Frankfort out of England, who began to break that order that was agreed upon; first in answering aloud after the minister, contrary to the church’s determination; and being admonished thereof by the Seniors of the congregation, he, with the rest that came with him made answer, That they would do as they had done in England; and that they would have the face of an English church…. Thanks to the Brieff Discours , a partisan account published for polemical purposes almost twenty years later, the ‘Troubles’ which began with this gesture form one of the best-known aspects of the Marian exile. However, because of the context within which the compilers of that work were operating, it is usually seen simply as a liturgical conflict between the protagonists of the 1552 Prayer Book, and those of the Geneva rite, which had been printed in English as far back as 1550. In fact, the issues which it raised were far wider, embracing the whole conduct of ecclesiastical affairs, and the nature of the English church.

The origins of English protestant nationalism

In 1581, in his Answer to a seditious pamphlet, William Charke wrote He that smiteth our religion woundeth our commonwealth; because our blessed estate of policie standeth in defence of religion, and our most blessed religion laboureth in maintenance of the commonwealth. Religion and policie are, through God’s singular blessings, preserved together in life as with one spirit; he that doth take away the life of the one doth procure the death of the other. This was, of course, a partisan point of view. However, the extent to which it had won general acceptance among Englishmen of all social classes can be demonstrated by reference to the Armada crisis of seven years later. Not only did pamphleteers like Thomas Deloney appeal for patriotic effort, That... all with one accord On Sion hill may sing the praise of our most mightly Lord but recusant apologetic makes it clear that the catholics were fully aware of the prevailing opinion that papists could not be good Englishmen.

The Correspondence of Reginald Pole. Vol. 4: A Biographical Companion:The British Isles (review)

Over the last six years, the St. Andrews Studies in Reformation History series has published three volumes of Cardinal Reginald Pole’s correspondence, edited by Thomas F. Mayer, who has now coedited this supplementary volume.The scholarly labor invested has been immense, and the result may be described as definitive. No serious student of Pole, or of the Reformation struggles more generally, can now afford to be without these collections.Two comments, however, are in order. First, it is suggested that a similar volume is planned to cover Pole’s continental correspondents, as this covers only the British Isles, but that intention is not quite clear. Such a volume is needed. Second, there is no system of cross-referencing between these biographies and the letters themselves.This means that whereas it is straightforward to work from the letters to the biographies, it is impossible to do the reverse. Consequently, if the reader wishes to know how John Clement features in the letters, he or she must look in the index to volume 1.

John Foxe and the Traitors: The Politics of the Marian Persecution (Presidential Address)

… not long after this he was sent to the Tower, and soon after condemned of treason. Notwithstanding the queen, when she could not honestly deny him his pardon, seeing all the rest were discharged, and especially seeing he last of all others subscribed to king Edward’s request, and that against his own will, released to him his action of treason and accused him only of heresy; which liked the archbishop right well, and came to pass as he wished, because the cause was not now his own, but Christ’s; not the queen’s but the church’s. Cranmer’s condemnation for treason was almost as great an embarrassment to John Foxe as it had been to the Archbishop himself. Obedience to lawful authority was axiomatic to both, as to all the orthodox reformers of die first generation. Against Catholic accusations that all Protestants were natural subverters of established order, they argued that the good Christian would be least a traitor to his Prince. Preaching upon the text ‘Render unto Caesar’ in November 1550, Hugh Latimer had declared,