Dawid Taler

Simplified Analysis of Radiation Heat Exchange in Boiler Superheaters

This article describes the determination of the radiation heat transfer coefficient in radiant platen superheaters and on convective heating surfaces. A new simple formula for determination of the heat transfer coefficient is derived on the basis of a diffusivity model of radiation heat exchange. The radiation heat transfer coefficients are determined on the tube surface in a convective evaporator, in a second stage convective heat superheater, and in a platen superheater of a pulverized coal-fired boiler. The calculations were carried out applying the method presented in this article, the Central Institute for Boilers and Turbines method, and formulas resulting from the analysis of heat exchange in an enclosure containing a gas of a constant temperature. In order to assess the accuracy of the achieved results, the flow of flue gas and the heat exchange were modeled using a commercial computational fluid dynamics program.

Tubular Type Heat Flux Meter for Monitoring Internal Scale Deposits in Large Steam Boilers

The deposition of scale on the inner surfaces of the water-wall tubes in the high heat flux regions in a steam boiler furnace can cause serious operation problems. In this paper, a numerical technique for determining the heat flux absorbed by the water-wall tubes, water-steam temperature, and thermal resistance on the inner tube surface from a temperature measured at several interior locations of the tube wall is developed. The scale deposition tube is capable of monitoring changes in the flow of heat transfer caused by scale depositions and changes due to varying furnace conditions. It can work for a long time in the destructive high-temperature atmosphere of a coal-fired boiler. The scale deposition monitor is an online plant monitoring system designed to improve the operation of steam boilers and enhance tube life.

Slag Monitoring System for Combustion Chambers of Steam Boilers

The computer-based boiler performance system presented in this article has been developed to provide a direct and quantitative assessment of furnace and convective surface cleanliness. Temperature, pressure, and flow measurements and gas analysis data are used to perform heat transfer analysis in the boiler furnace and evaporator. Power boiler efficiency is calculated using an indirect method. The on-line calculation of the exit flue gas temperature in a combustion chamber allows for an on-line heat flow rate determination, which is transferred to the boiler evaporator. Based on the energy balance for the boiler evaporator, the superheated steam mass flow rate is calculated taking into the account water flow rate in attemperators. Comparing the calculated and the measured superheated steam mass flow rate, the effectiveness of the combustion chamber water walls is determined in an on-line mode. Soot-blower sequencing can be optimized based on actual cleaning requirements rather than on fixed time cycles contributing to lowering of the medium usage in soot blowers and increasing of the water-wall lifetime.

Modeling of superheater operation in a steam boiler

A numerical method for modeling actual steam superheaters is presented. The finite volume method was used to determine flue gas, tube wall and steam temperature. The numerical technique presented in the paper can especially be used for modeling boiler superheaters with a complex tube arrangement when detail information on the tube wall temperature distribution is needed. The method of modeling the superheater can be used both in the design, performance as well as in upgrading the superheaters. If the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater is too low or too high, the designed outlet temperature can be achieved by changing a flow arrangement of the superheater. For example, the impact of the change of the counter to parallel flow or to mixed flow can be easily assessed. The presented method of modeling is a useful tool in analyzing the impact of the internal scales or outer ash fouling on the superheater operating conditions. Both ash deposits at the external and scales at the internal surfaces of the tubes contribute to the reduction of the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater. Furthermore, scale deposits on the inner surface of the tubes cause a significant temperature rise and may lead to the tube damage. The higher temperature of the flue gas over a part of parallel superheater tubes increases the steam temperature and decreases steam mass flow rate through the tubes with excessive heating. This results in an additional increase in the steam temperature at the outlet of the superheater.Copyright