Deepak Kumar Rout

A Novel Modulation Technique for High Data Rate Body Area Networks

Abstract Population of the world is growing at rapid pace. It is becoming difficult to provide healthcare facilities to people in highly populous countries like China and India. One way to solve this problem is the development of medical infrastructure in the form of wireless Body Area Networks. The body area networks (BANs) tend to provide medical monitoring for patients. Prime concern in the BANs is the communication, which needs to be energy and bandwidth efficient. The paper presents a novel modulation format for BANs. We propose a novel idea that combines properties of continuous phase modulation and pulse position modulation techniques. The new modulation technique takes into account the Rayleigh nature of body area channel. Apart from being power efficient, the technique does not require large bandwidth.

Multiple narrowband interference mitigation using hybrid Hermite pulses for body surface to external communications in UWB body area networks

Wireless body area networks (BAN) are primarily being designed for the detection of diseases and tracking of patients on the move. Due to its low-power requirements, ultra-wideband (UWB) has become the most preferred candidate for the physical layer of BAN. However, UWB suffers from the interferences from existing wireless networks. Again, the interference mitigation techniques developed for UWB will not be feasible for BAN because of their complexity and resulting power consumption. In this paper, we have proposed a hybrid Hermite pulse for cancelling multiple narrowband interferences. A comparison of the proposed technique with existing techniques is presented based on the operations count that highlights the lower complexity of the proposed technique. The proposed technique is also compared to Gaussian pulse based hybrid pulse in the simulation section to prove its superiority. Mathematical and simulation results prove that besides being of lower complexity the technique can mitigate the interferences satisfactorily.

Narrowband interference mitigation in body surface to external communication in UWB body area networks using first-order Hermite pulse

ABSTRACT Ultra wideband (UWB) is the most preferred candidate for body area networks (BAN). The higher data rate and lower multipath fading makes it highly suitable for the design of BAN. However, narrowband interference (NBI) may significantly degrade the performance of UWB. The paper presents an effective method of NBI mitigation for UWB BAN. The method uses modified Hermite pulse (MHP) in lieu of Gaussian and other pulse shapes. The spectral characteristics of the MHP make them immune to interference. The performance has been tested in various body postures in the CM4 channel model of the BAN, and further validated by transmitting medical signals like electrocardiography and MRI. The results show that MHP pulse is highly immune to NBI.

MHP for narrowband interference mitigation in high data rate UWB body area networks

Body Area Networks (BAN) are steadily gaining importance in the area of remote health monitoring. An important concern in this area is the interference from existing wireless networks. The following paper suggests the orthogonal modified hermite pulses for narrowband interference suppression. The performance analysis has been presented in the presence of strong narrowband interference in the 4.8GHz band.

Reliable communication in UWB body area networks using multiple hybrid relays

Body area networks (BANs) are wireless networks around the human body. Ultra-wideband (UWB) is one of the most preferred candidates for the physical layer of BAN. However, the attenuation due to human body tissues and the movement of body parts with respect to each other causes severe attenuation and limits the range of UWB. Hence, new and novel methods are required to improve communications in UWB BAN. The paper proposes, hybrid amplify forward and decode forward relays for communication in body area networks. Scenarios in the presence of multiple relays for both body surface and body surface to external models have been taken into consideration. The performance has been tested using IEEE 802.15 task group 6 designated channel models developed from real-time measurements. The findings from the analytical as well as simulation-based study indicate that hybrid relaying provides a versatile performance, and improves the reliability of the communication link by decreasing the bit error rate. The performance has been further validated by the transmission of medical magnetic resonance images. The results indicate that hybrid relaying has the best performance, and it can undoubtedly improve the reliability of the body area networks.

Performance of amplify forward and decode forward cooperative strategies for body surface communications in UWB Body Area Networks

Body area networks BAN are being developed for telemonitoring of patients. Ultra wideband UWB is the most preferred choice for the physical layer of the BAN as it provides high data rate at low power consumption along with a simple transceiver structure. But because of high fading characteristics of the human body channel, the range of UWB will be limited, and a reliable communication cannot be guaranteed. In that case, cooperative communications may be applied to BAN for improving system performance and link quality.

Hybrid relaying for sensor to external communication in multi relay body area networks

Body Area Network (BAN) is a wireless network of sensors on and inside the human body. The network here must be reliable and energy efficient. Cooperative communication has recently been applied in other sensor networks to improve reliability and reduce energy consumption. Basic relaying techniques like Amplify and Forward (AF) and Decode and Forward (DF) have their own set of advantages and disadvantages. This paper proposes a hybrid relaying mechanism comprising the combination of AF and DF relaying for multi relay Ultra Wideband (UWB) BAN. Simulation results prove that the proposed hybrid relaying strategy can provide better performance compared to the existing techniques.

Performance enhancement of MIMO/UWB based wireless Body area network

Wireless Body area networks (WBAN) can be adapted for patient monitoring applications. The biological sensors are either implanted or placed on the human body. They measure vital information such as ECG, Blood pressure etc. and transmit them wirelessly to a nearby gateway. Transmission of patients health information is done using digital communication system. Due to time dispersive nature of communication channel, the transmitted data gets distorted. As there are multiple wireless devices on the human body, multiple access interference occurs. In this paper, we have evaluated the performance of UWB (Ultra Wideband)/MIMO (Multiple input multiple output) (2×2) WBAN system employing Orthogonal complete complementary (OCC) code as the spread code for UWB system. Simulation results have been obtained to validate the improvement in the performance of the system in terms of bit error rate (BER).

A novel orthogonal modulation format for Body Area Networks

Body Area Networks (BAN) are the next generation of Medical monitoring networks. They are being designed and developed to provide health care to patients on the move. However, there are multiple issues that are required to be addressed before they are deployed. The demand for higher data rate in BANs, for carrying the patients medical information and enabling the streaming of data intensive services, has led to widespread research in this area. This paper suggests a novel orthogonal modulation technique using Hermite pulses that are not only fading resistant, due to their bipolar signaling, but also able enough to provide relatively better performance compared to other available modulation techniques like pulse position modulation. Simulation results depicting the symbol and bit error rate graphs prove the performance and suggest the efficiency of the modulation technique.

Multiple Narrowband Interference Cancellation in High Data Rate UWB Body Area Networks using Hybrid Hermite Pulses

Body area networks (BAN) are being developed to serve the mankind, for detection of diseases and tracking of patients. And ultra wideband (UWB) has become the most preferred candidate for the physical layer of BAN. However, UWB BAN will suffer from the interferences from existing wireless networks. Though a number of mitigation techniques have been developed for UWB they will not be feasible for BAN because of their complexity and resulting power consumption. In this paper we propose hybrid Hermite pulse for cancelling multiple narrowband interferences. The technique is specially developed for UWB based BANs and has lower complexity compared to existing techniques. The proposed technique has been compared with its Gaussian counterpart and the performances have been studied through Monte-Carlo simulations in the BAN CM3 channel model. Further, ECG signal has been transmitted to validate the performance of the proposed technique.