Deisy Ribas Emerich

International Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology II: Integration and Applications of Dimensional Findings From 44 Societies

OBJECTIVE To build on Achenbach, Rescorla, and Ivanova (2012) by (a) reporting new international findings for parent, teacher, and self-ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist, Youth Self-Report, and Teachers Report Form; (b) testing the fit of syndrome models to new data from 17 societies, including previously underrepresented regions; (c) testing effects of society, gender, and age in 44 societies by integrating new and previous data; (d) testing cross-society correlations between mean item ratings; (e) describing the construction of multisociety norms; (f) illustrating clinical applications. METHOD Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) of parent, teacher, and self-ratings, performed separately for each society; tests of societal, gender, and age effects on dimensional syndrome scales, DSM-oriented scales, Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems scales; tests of agreement between low, medium, and high ratings of problem items across societies. RESULTS CFAs supported the tested syndrome models in all societies according to the primary fit index (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation [RMSEA]), but less consistently according to other indices; effect sizes were small-to-medium for societal differences in scale scores, but very small for gender, age, and interactions with society; items received similarly low, medium, or high ratings in different societies; problem scores from 44 societies fit three sets of multisociety norms. CONCLUSIONS Statistically derived syndrome models fit parent, teacher, and self-ratings when tested individually in all 44 societies according to RMSEAs (but less consistently according to other indices). Small to medium differences in scale scores among societies supported the use of low-, medium-, and high-scoring norms in clinical assessment of individual children.

Rejeição e vitimização por pares em crianças com Deficiência Intelectual e Transtorno do Espectro Autista

Children with special educational needs, such as Intellectual Disability (ID) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), are increasingly participating in regular classes. Despite the relevance of this inclusion, these children may face difficulties as rejection and victimization by peers. Through a literature review, this work aimed to identify the prevalence, impact and factors associated with rejection and victimization among children with DI and TEA. The search was conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, Lilacs and Scielo, using the keywords: rejection by peers, peer victimization, intellectual disabilities, Autism Spectrum Disorder , children with disabilities and special needs. We identified 196 articles, of which 32 met the inclusion criteria. We verified high prevalence of victimization and rejection among children with special educational needs, regardless of age. Deficits in social skills and executive functions, inattentive and hyperactive behavior and internalizing problems were associated with difficulties in relationships with peers in this population. These indicators should be included in prevention and/or treatment programs to enable the proper inclusion of children with special educational needs in regular classrooms.

Sociodemographic Characteristics, Behavioral Problems, Parental Concerns and Children’s Strengths Reported by Parents

espanolResumen: El relato de padres es esencial para la comprension de dificultades adaptativas de ninos. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron identificar preocupaciones y cualidades relatadas por padres y verificar sus asociaciones con fatores sociodemograficos y problemas de conducta. Fueron participantes 353 padres de alumnos de cuatro escuelas publicas y una privada. La evaluacion de problemas de comportamiento de los hijos y el relato de los padres sobre preocupaciones y cualidades fueron obtenidos con la Lista de Comportamientos para Ninos y Adolescentes (CBCL). Conducimos un analisis lexical de las respuestas a las preguntas abiertas de la CBCL mediante el software IRAMUTEQ. Los resultados sobre las cualidades del nino fueron relacionados con la interaccion afectiva y social. Las preocupaciones estuvieron relacionadas al desempeno academico y la prevencion de problemas de comportamiento. Concluimos que las preocupaciones de los padres indican metas para intervenciones preventivas en la infancia, mientras que las cualidades, si desarrolladas, podran auxiliar el funcionamento adaptativo. EnglishAbstract: Parental report is essential to understand adaptive difficulties in childhood. The aim of the study was to identify concerns of parents and qualities of children reported by parents, as well as the association of these variables with sociodemographic factors and child behavior problems. Parents of 353 schoolchildren from three public schools and one private school took part in the study. Assessment of behavior problems and parental reports about concerns and children’s strengths were obtained from the Child Behavior Checklist - CBCL. We submitted parents’ answers to the open-ended questions in the CBCL to a lexical analysis with the IRAMUTEQ software. Results concerning ‘strengths’ were related to affective and social interaction, while ‘concerns’ were related to academic performance and prevention of behavior problems. We concluded that parent concerns are targets of preventive interventions in childhood, while child strengths reported by parents are skills that need to be developed, as they help in adaptive functioning. portuguesResumo: O relato de pais e essencial na compreensao de dificuldades adaptativas na infância. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar preocupacoes dos pais e qualidades dos filhos, relatadas pelos pais, bem como a associacao dessas variaveis com fatores sociodemograficos e problemas de comportamento das criancas. Participaram 353 pais de alunos de tres escolas publicas e uma escola privada. A avaliacao de problemas de comportamento dos filhos e o relato dos pais sobre preocupacoes e qualidades foram obtidos com o Inventario de Comportamentos para Criancas e Adolescentes - CBCL. As respostas as questoes abertas do CBCL foram submetidas a analise lexical no software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados sobre qualidades da crianca foram relacionados a interacao afetiva e social. As preocupacoes foram relacionadas a desempenho academico e prevencao de problemas de comportamento. Concluimos que as preocupacoes relatadas sao indicativas de alvos para intervencoes preventivas e as qualidades, se desenvolvidas, poderao auxiliar no funcionamento adaptativo.