Dénes Kleiner

Neural elements behind the hepatoprotection of remote perconditioning

BACKGROUND The ability of remote ischemic perconditioning (RIPER) to protect the liver from ischemic-reperfusion (IR) injury has been reported before; however, the mechanism behind the positive effects of RIPER remains unrevealed. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential role of neural elements to transfer protective signals evoked by perconditioning. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into six groups (sham, IR, RIPER ± denervation; n = 7 per group). Half of the animals underwent left femoral and sciatic nerve resection. In IR and RIPER groups, normothermic, partial (70%) liver ischemia lasting for 60 min was induced; parallel animals in the RIPER groups received perconditioning treatment (4 × 5 - 5 min IR, left femoral artery clamping). Hepatic microcirculation and systemic blood pressure were monitored during the first postischemic hour. After 24 h of reperfusion, liver samples were taken for histology and redox-state analysis. Automated image analysis software was used for necrosis quantification. Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and bilirubin levels were measured. RESULTS Microcirculation and blood pressure showed significant improvement during reperfusion after perconditioning. This phenomenon was completely abolished by nerve resection (P < 0.05; RIPER versus IR, IR + denervation, and RIPER + denervation). Results of necrosis quantification showed similar pattern. Besides noncharacteristic changes in aspartate aminotransferase levels, alanine aminotransferase values were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the RIPER group compared with the other IR groups. Mild but significant alterations were observed in liver function assessed by total bilirubin levels. Further supporting results were obtained from analysis of redox homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS Perconditioning was able to reduce liver IR injury in our model via a mechanism most probably involving interorgan neural pathways.

Metal- and redox homeostasis in prostate cancer with vitamin D3 supplementation

Vitamin D3 supplementation has a beneficial effect on cancerous patients, although it can influence the redox- and metal homeostasis. The aim of our investigation was to demonstrate the effect of vitamin D3 consumption on the redox- and metal homeostasis in prostate cancer, because of the recommended daily dose increased from 200 IU to 2000 IU in recent years in Hungary. Forty-three volunteers were involved in the study. The grouping was applied according to the clinical routine laboratory parameters (vitamin D3) and the tumor markers (PSA, fPFA). Patients were divided into 5 groups: (A) patient control (N = 8), (B) patient control with vitamin D3 treatment (N = 9), (C) high-risk prostate cancer group (N = 6), (D) high-risk prostate cancer group with vitamin D3 treatment (N = 8) and (E) vitamin D3 treated cancerous group with androgen deprivation therapy (N = 11). The element concentrations were determined with ICP-OES. Among the redox parameters, free radical scavenging capacity and H-donating ability were determined with luminometry and spectrometry. Vitamin D3 treatment caused differences in the metal- and redox homeostasis in either patient control and cancerous groups. The concentration of Fe, Cr, and Pb significantly increased in the erythrocytes of prostate cancer patients. According to the higher scavenging capacity by vitamin D3 treatment, it seems that vitamin D3 helps to equilibrate the redox homeostasis that could affect the outcome of cancer positively. However, the tendency in the metal element status does not give a clear explanation of cancers outcome, but the accumulation of Pb by vitamin D3 supplementation needs to be taken into more serious consideration in set terms of occupational diseases.

Szabadgyök-felszabadulás vizsgálata femtoszekundum lézerrel asszisztált capsulotomiát követően

Absztrakt Bevezetes: A femtoszekundum lezer alkalmazasa forradalmi, innovativ kezelesi eljaras a szurkehalyog-sebeszetben. Celkitűzes: Tanulmanyunk celja a femtoszekundum lezeres capsulotomia soran az elulső csarnokban kepződő szabad gyok mennyisegenek meghatarozasa sertesszemben. Modszer: Hetven friss sertesszemet vontunk be a vizsgalatba, amelyeket post mortem 2 oran belul 4 oC hőmersekleten szallitottunk, a kezelest pedig 7 oran belul vegeztuk el. Harmincot szemet vizsgaltunk a kontroll- es a femtoszekundum lezeres capsulotomia csoportban is. Luminoldependens kemilumineszcens modszer segitsegevel vizsgaltuk a csarnokviz szabadgyok-fogo kapacitasat, mint a szabadgyok-termelődes indikatorat. Az emittalt fotonok mennyiseget relativ fenyegyseg szazalekban fejeztuk ki. Eredmenyek: A relativ fenyegyseg szazalek alacsonyabb volt a kontrollcsoportban (median 1%, interkvartilis tartomany 0,4–3%), mint a femtoszekundum lezeres capsulotomia csoportban (median 4,4%, interkvartilis tartomany 1,5–21%) (p = 0,01). Ko...

Transmethylation and the redox homeostasis

INTRODUCTION Transmethylation modifies configuration and proceeds via formaldehyde. It has a significant role for example in epigenetic regulation. The whole methyl-pool can be evaluated by the measurement of bound formaldehyde. AIM The bound formaldehyde was measured in wheat, bean, beetroot, cabbage, broiler- and rabbit liver. The relationship between transmethylation and redox homeosthasis was studied in the liver of domestic animals, and in the rat model of fatty liver. METHOD The diet of rats was enriched with cholesterol, sunflower oil and cholic acid. The bound formaldehyde was determined by overpressured layer chromatography. The hydrogen-donating ability was measured with 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazylt free radical using spectrophotometric measurement. RESULTS Beans had the most bound formaldehyde. The liver of broilers possessed significantly elevated hydrogen-donating ability and transmethylation ability. Rats with severe fatty liver had significantly less bound formaldehyde and the hydrogen-donating ability tendentiously decreased. CONCLUSIONS These results draw attention to the diet, especially in obesity and obesity-related diseases.