Denis A. Akmaykin

Optical properties of Peter the Great Bay waters compared with satellite ocean colour data

The shipboard measurements of optical and hydrological properties of seawater were used for development of regional bio-optical algorithms of waters of Peter the Great Bay. The shipboard measurements of chlorophyll-a and dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations were obtained by flow-through laser fluorometer (LF-3) (Institute for Automation and Control Processes, Vladivostok, Russia) and Sea-Bird Profiling CTD SBE-19plus (Conductivity, Temperature and Depth Sea-Bird Electronics, Sea-Bird Electronics, Inc., Washington, USA) equipped with WetStar fluorometers (WET Labs, Oregon, USA). The measurements were optically weighted according to light attenuation by depth. Ocean colour Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-Aqua data were used for our comparative analysis. Chlorophyll-a concentrations from ocean colour data were retrieved by OC3M, Garver-Siegel-Maritorena (GSM) and Carder algorithms. Relationships of the shipboard and satellite sensor data were analysed comparatively in our work. The Carder model gives the most general results of estimation of chlorophyll-a concentrations for all observed water cases. OC3M and GSM algorithms show good performance in case I water but they have large errors in the Amur Bay waters because of a large impact of the Razdolnaya river and Vladivostok city anthropogenic activity. Two regional chlorophyll-a algorithms were offered and they improve significantly the accuracy of chlorophyll-a concentration estimation. The first one is based on empirical regression between chlorophyll-a concentration and remotely sensed reflectance ratio. The second one uses satellite-derived values of sun-induced chlorophyll-a fluorescence when chlorophyll-a concentrations are higher than 3 mg m−3. The last one gives the best results for all water cases and provides an approach for separation between DOM produced by phytoplankton and DOM not connected with phytoplankton activity. This allows a regional DOM algorithm to be made.

OPERATIONAL SYSTEM DESIGN ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF MARITIME TRAFFIC

Рассмотрен проект информационной телекоммуникационной системы управления и навигации морских судов. Разрабатываемая система объединяет судовой и береговой программно-аппаратные комплексы и предназначена для оптимизации маршрута судна на основе оперативных спутниковых данных о параметрах атмосферы и океана, а также прогноза гидрометеорологической обстановки. Описаны структурные компоненты системы, выполняемые функции и проблемы, связанные с решением поставленных задач. В рамках реализации проекта разработано устройство для определения состояния морской поверхности, которое запатентовано и успешно прошло натурные испытания в заливе Петра Великого. Разрабатываемая система позволит улучшить безопасность мореплавания и снизить экономические издержки при морских перевозках. Система будет востребована различными судоходными компаниями и частными судовладельцами. This paper presents project of marine vessel navigation and control telecommunication system. Described system is based on integration of on-board and coastal appliance and is intended to optimize ship route using satellite data on ocean and atmosphere and hydrometeorological forecast. Paper describes structural components of the system, its performed functions and associated problems. The project developed a device for determining the condition of the sea surface, which is patented and successfully passed fi eld tests in the Gulf of Peter the Great. The developed system will improve maritime safety and reduce the economic costs of maritime transport. The system will be in demand by various shipping companies and private shipowners.

COMPLEX EMPLOYMENT OF DATA OF METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES FOR METERAGE WIND AND WAVE PARAMETERS ALONG THE SHIPS ROUTE

The problem of constructing optimal routes for sea-going vessels, in addition to accounting for accounting many factors of an organizational and technical nature, requires detailed information on the forecast of the meteorological situation along the estimated route of the vessel. The existing meteorological satellites allow solving this problem, but the orbits and the width of the probing band of these satellites limit the areas of water where the necessary parameters can be mearure. As a result, processing of the sensing data of one satellite does not allow obtaining continuous information along the route of the vessel for the necessary time intervals. To reduce the water areas, where there are gaps in determining of the necessary meteorological parameters, it is possible; if simultaneously use data from several satellites. The purpose of work is to analyze the possibility of complex use of data obtained from various satellite meteosensors. In this article considered following satellite meteosensors QuikScat, ScatSat-1, Hy-2A, RapidScat, ERS, ASCAT, Jason-2. The satellites of this meteosensors, nave differing altitude, inclination of the orbit, and having a different scanning bandwidth. In the paper, simulated the trajectories of the satellites, which are the carriers of the described sensors, and the geometrical location of the points on the Earth, observed by the sensors either. An analysis of the average time of expectation of data sounding from both a single and a group of meteorological satellites was carried out. Graphs of the distribution of time intervals between consecutive observations of a point on the earth’s surface by various groups of meteorological satellites at various latitudes (at the equator, latitude 30 and 60 degrees) are presented. Information integration from several meteorological satellites significantly reduces the time of acquisition of satellite sounding data and allows to significantly reducing the areas of water areas along the route of the vessel where the satellite data absent. For aprioristic assessment of time of obtaining satellite data, the function of probability for time intervals where does not exceed a certain value between the next observations are presented. It is shown that in case of use of information from several satellites, this function can be approximately described by the known probabilistic queuing model. Key parameters of model are: the number of satellites, the angle of an inclination of their orbits and and the scanning bandwidth of the Earth’s surface of each of the of the considered satellites. Using this model, it is possible to calculate a set of meteorological satellites, which will allow you to receive the required meteodata with a given probability. As a result shown, that the feasibility of planning the route of the vessel, taking into account the data on the nearsurface wind and surface waves along the planned route of the vessel, taking into account the information obtained from the currently existing satellite weather sensors.

Optimization of the search algorithm for the shortest route

The exact and heuristic algorithms of search of the shortest routes on the graph are analyzed in the article. The realization of Floyd-Warshall algorithm of search for the shortest routes is shown. The description and realization of the authors heuristic algorithm of search for the shortest route for two chosen vertexes of graph for the given heuristic estimated function is given.

Method of forming the estimated vector for sections of the shipping route

The article presents formalization of the problem of determining the optimal shipping route based on graph and multi-criteria optimization theory. Methods of forming weight coefficients for sections of the shipping route are shown. Possible target functions and optimization criteria based on predetermined factors are listed.