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Dive into the research topics where Dhiman Mallick is active.

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Featured researches published by Dhiman Mallick.


Smart Materials and Structures | 2015

A nonlinear stretching based electromagnetic energy harvester on FR4 for wideband operation

Dhiman Mallick; Andreas Amann; Saibal Roy

We report a nonlinear stretching-based electromagnetic energy harvester using FR4 as a vibrating spring material due to its low Youngs modulus. We show analytically that the nonlinearity is caused by the stretching, in addition to the bending, of the specially designed spring arms; this gives rise to a wider half-power bandwidth of 10 Hz at 1 g acceleration, which is almost 5 times higher than that of a comparable linear counterpart. The output spectra show the first reported experimental evidence of a symmetry broken nonlinear secondary peak in a single potential well system at frequencies close to the nonlinear jump frequency, which may appear to be due to the dynamic symmetry breaking of the oscillator or to the inherent asymmetry of the built prototype. The presence of this secondary peak is useful in generating a significant amount of power compared to the symmetric states, producing ~3 times more power at the secondary peak than the nearby symmetric states. 110% of the peak power obtained for 0.5 g acceleration is achieved at the secondary peak during the frequency up-sweep. The experimental results are compared with a deterministic numerical model based on the Duffing oscillator, and we include a qualitative discussion on the influence of noise in an experimental energy harvesting system.


Journal of Physics: Conference Series | 2013

Analysis of Nonlinear Spring Arm for Improved Performance of Vibrational Energy Harvesting Devices

Dhiman Mallick; Andreas Amann; Saibal Roy

Recently, a number of attempts have been made to increase the operational bandwidth of the energy harvesting devices. Nonlinear mechanisms are one of them. In this paper, we report design and analytical formulation of stretching strain of an electromagnetic energy harvester on FR4 material under large deformation of the spring arms. It is found that nonlinearity has an inverse square dependence on thickness of the arms. Numerical solution of a monostable Duffing oscillator that governs the dynamics of such a large deformed nonlinear energy harvester showed that with decrease of load resistance, the average power output increases, where the output response depends strongly on the input force. For small input acceleration, the desired large amplitude vibration does not come into play and the response becomes linear. However, for higher input acceleration nonlinearity appears and the operational bandwidth increases, at the same time, output power level also increases.


IEEE Magnetics Letters | 2016

Nonlinear Energy Harvesting Using Electromagnetic Transduction for Wide Bandwidth

Saibal Roy; Pranay Podder; Dhiman Mallick

We report the relative performances of monostable and bistable miniaturized electromagnetic energy harvesters (EMEHs) using micromachined fiberglass-epoxy spring structures. Monostable nonlinearity is realized in our device using the specially designed spring arms, whereas bistable nonlinearity is introduced through the interactions between repulsively oriented magnets. For devices of similar size, the monostable electromagnetic harvester generates larger output power compared to the bistable system under the same mechanical input. This is due to the additional damping provided by the strong bistable force, which also restricts the bandwidth widening of the bistable device compared to that of the monostable energy harvester. However, as the bistable force changes the linear stiffness of the system as well, the overall frequency response shifts toward the low-frequency region. Hence, low-frequency, wideband harvesting can be obtained in bistable devices compared to monostable devices of the same mechanical dimensions.


IEEE\/ASME Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems | 2017

High Figure of Merit Nonlinear Microelectromagnetic Energy Harvesters for Wideband Applications

Dhiman Mallick; Andreas Amann; Saibal Roy

We report a new approach for designing high-performance microelectromechanical system (MEMS) electromagnetic energy harvesting devices, which can operate at low frequency (<1 kHz) over the ultrawide bandwidth of 60–80 Hz. The output power from the devices is increased significantly at a low optimized load and this overall enhancement in performances is benchmarked using a “power integral (Pf” figure-of-merit. The experimental results show that the efficient nonlinear designs produce large Pf values, giving rise to one of the highest normalized Pf densities among the reported MEMS scale nonlinear energy harvesting devices. This improvement is achieved by suitably designing the nonlinear spring architectures, where the nonlinearity arises from the stretching strain of the specifically designed fixed–fixed configured spring arms under large deflections and gives rise to wideband output response. Different fundamental modes of the mechanical structures are brought relatively close, which further widens the power-frequency response by topologically varying the spring architectures and by realizing the same using the thin silicon-on-insulator substrate using MEMS processing technology. In addition, we have used the magnet as proof mass to increase the output power in contrary to conventional approach of using the coil as the proof mass in micro-electromagnetic energy harvesters. The high performance obtained from the MEMS energy harvesters with integrated double layer micro-coil is compared with the same using wire wound copper coil. The experimentally obtained results are qualitatively explained by using a finite-element analysis of the designed structures. [2016-0038]


Scientific Reports | 2016

Influence of combined fundamental potentials in a nonlinear vibration energy harvester.

Pranay Podder; Dhiman Mallick; Andreas Amann; Saibal Roy

Ambient mechanical vibrations have emerged as a viable energy source for low-power wireless sensor nodes aiming the upcoming era of the ‘Internet of Things’. Recently, purposefully induced dynamical nonlinearities have been exploited to widen the frequency spectrum of vibration energy harvesters. Here we investigate some critical inconsistencies between the theoretical formulation and applications of the bistable Duffing nonlinearity in vibration energy harvesting. A novel nonlinear vibration energy harvesting device with the capability to switch amidst individually tunable bistable-quadratic, monostable-quartic and bistable-quartic potentials has been designed and characterized. Our study highlights the fundamentally different large deflection behaviors of the theoretical bistable-quartic Duffing oscillator and the experimentally adapted bistable-quadratic systems, and underlines their implications in the respective spectral responses. The results suggest enhanced performance in the bistable-quartic potential in comparison to others, primarily due to lower potential barrier and higher restoring forces facilitating large amplitude inter-well motion at relatively lower accelerations.


Journal of Physics: Conference Series | 2015

Silicon MEMS bistable electromagnetic vibration energy harvester using double-layer micro-coils

Pranay Podder; Peter Constantinou; Dhiman Mallick; Saibal Roy

This work reports the development of a MEMS bistable electromagnetic vibrational energy harvester (EMVEH) consisting of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) spiral spring, double layer micro-coils and miniaturized NdFeB magnets. Furthermore, with respect to the spiral silicon spring based VEH, four different square micro-coil topologies with different copper track width and number of turns have been investigated to determine the optimal coil dimensions. The micro-generator with the optimal micro-coil generated 0.68 micro-watt load power over an optimum resistive load at 0.1g acceleration, leading to normalized power density of 3.5 kg.s/m3. At higher accelerations the load power increased, and the vibrating magnet collides with the planar micro-coil producing wider bandwidth. Simulation results show that a substantially wider bandwidth could be achieved in the same device by introducing bistable nonlinearity through a repulsive configuration between the moving and fixed permanent magnets.


Journal of Physics: Conference Series | 2014

Bandwidth widening in nonlinear electromagnetic vibrational generator by combined effect of bistability and stretching

Pranay Podder; Dhiman Mallick; Saibal Roy

This work reports the novel concept of frequency response widening of vibrational energy harvesters exploiting the combined effects of bistable and monostable nonlinearities in a single device. The bistability is introduced into the system by repulsive arrangement of magnets, while monostable nonlinear force through the stretching is incorporated by large deformation of two-end-fixed cantilevers. The simulation results show wider bandwidth in the bistability and stretching combined configuration compared to the bistable only or the monostable stretching only configuration.


IEEE\/ASME Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems | 2017

Magnetic Tuning of Nonlinear MEMS Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester

Pranay Podder; Peter Constantinou; Dhiman Mallick; Andreas Amann; Saibal Roy

Ambient mechanical vibrations are an untapped yet attractive energy source for powering wireless sensor nodes in the upcoming Internet-of-Things. Here we demonstrate the magnetically induced frequency tuning effect in a MEMS electromagnetic vibrational energy harvester. Spiral-shaped springs and double-layer copper micro-coils are fabricated on silicon substrate using MEMS fabrication processes. Numerical simulations and finite-element analysis exhibit substantial transformation in the potential energy and stiffness profiles due to controlled changes in the magnetic repulsion force between the transducing and tuning magnets, which effectively modifies the frequency response profile. Specifically, by increasing the repulsive interaction between the transducing and tuning magnets, both the linear and nonlinear frequency response profiles can be shifted toward higher frequencies. This experimentally validated magnetic tuning mechanism can potentially be implemented in MEMS vibrational energy harvesters with other transduction mechanisms and in other micro-mechanical oscillators for broader frequency response tunability. [2016-0123]


SOLID STATE PHYSICS: Proceedings of the 59th DAE Solid State Physics Symposium#N#2014 | 2015

Wideband electromagnetic energy harvesting from ambient vibrations

Dhiman Mallick; Pranay Podder; Saibal Roy

Different bandwidth widening schemes of electromagnetic energy harvesters have been reported in this work. The devices are fabricated on FR4 substrate using laser micromachining techniques. The linear device operate in a narrow band around the resonance; in order to tune resonant frequency of the device electrically, two different types of complex load topologies are adopted. Using capacitive load, the resonant frequency is tuned in the low frequency direction whereas using inductive load, the resonant frequency is tuned in the high frequency direction. An overall tuning range of ∼2.4 Hz is obtained at 0.3g though the output power dropped significantly over the tuning range. In order to improve the off-resonance performance, nonlinear oscillation based systems are adopted. A specially designed spring arm with fixed-guided configuration produced single well nonlinear monostable configuration. With increasing input acceleration, wider bandwidth is obtained with such a system as large displacement, stretchin...


Journal of Physics: Conference Series | 2016

Integrated CoPtP Permanent Magnets for MEMS Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting Applications

Dhiman Mallick; Saibal Roy

This work reports the development of integrated Co rich CoPtP hard magnetic material for MEMS applications such as Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvesting. We report a new method of electrodeposition compared to the conventional DC plating, involving a combination of forward and reverse pulses for optimized deposition of Co rich CoPtP hard magnetic material. This results in significant improvements in the microstructure of the developed films as the pulse reverse plated films are smooth, stress free and uniform. Such improvements in the structural properties are reflected in the hard magnetic properties of the material as well. The intrinsic coercivities of the pulse reverse deposited film are more than 6 times higher for both in-plane and out-of-plane measurement directions and the squareness of the hysteresis loops also improve due to the similar reasons.

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Saibal Roy

Tyndall National Institute

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Andreas Amann

Tyndall National Institute

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Pranay Podder

Tyndall National Institute

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Tuhin Maity

Tyndall National Institute

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Chris M. Fancher

North Carolina State University

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Jacob L. Jones

North Carolina State University

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