Dimitrios Sarris

Learning Disabilities and Disruptive Behavior: Research of Observing Students in Primary School

Learning disabilities are characterized by students’ weaknesses in reading, spelling, comprehension, written and spoken words, and social behavior. Commonly, learning disabilities are associated with problems in executive and extensive behavior, such as the anti-social and delinquent behavior. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether students of all grades of elementary school with learning disabilities belong to the category of “problem” children, children with offending behaviors, in and out of class. 21 students of all grades with learning difficulties were observed in the second half of the school year 2016-2017. Researchers separately observed target students in and out of class. Each observation lasted for 40 min. Each student was observed for a total of 4 teaching hours. The research highlighted an important relationship between learning disabilities and social behavior, stressing that the target learners were those who did not participate in the learning process, created class fuss, received comments from teachers, participated in all the problematic situations during of the breaks, often visited the Director’s office to impose the appropriate sanctions-penalties (within the framework of the regulations).

Intra-annual raw basal area increments (early-wood and late-wood) of Pinus nigra subsp. laricio Poiret trees from southern Italy at the pines׳ mesic to xeric distribution range

This article contains tree rings data related to the research article entitled “An intra-stand approach to identify intra-annual growth responses to climate in Pinus nigra subsp. laricio Poiret trees from southern Italy” (Mazza et al., 2018). Most dendroclimatological studies on black pine have been conducted on the P. nigra subsp. nigra, while only few results on climate-growth relationships are available for other taxa such as P. nigra subsp. laricio, which has the narrowest distribution range of the collective species P. nigra. This data article provides tree rings data for the subsp. laricio at an intra-annual growth level, distinguishing early-wood (EW) and late-wood (LW), from an even aged forest stand from the Sila mountain area within the subspecies mesic to xeric distribution range.