Diva Correia

Deficiências de macronutrientes no estado nutricional da mamoneira cultivar Iris

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the effect of macronutrient deficiencies on growth and on nutritional status of castor beans ( Ricinus communis L.), and to obtain the symptoms of the lack of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S. Nutrient solutions containing all macronutrients and those from which one of these elements was omitted were the treatments used. The following determinations were made: chlorophyll (indirectly), nitrate reductase activity, NO 3 - -N, H2PO4 - -P and K + , both on soluble fractions, and by spot tests. Deficiencies of N, Ca, S and Mg were the most limiting for dry matter production, followed in decreasing order by those of K and P. The highest concentrations of macronutrients were measured in roots and lower leaf blades. Critical levels of N and Ca in the upper leaf blades and of Mg in lower petioles were respectively, 46.7, 13.8, 6.5 g kg -1 . Deficiencies affected chlorophyll meter readings. Nitrate reductase activity was correlated with chlorophyll readings. Soluble contents of N, P and K in the leaves were lower in plants deficient in the respective element. The same was found when spot tests were applied on the leaf sap.

Uso do pó da casca de coco na formulação de substratos para formação de mudas enxertadas de cajueiro anão precoce

The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of mature and immature coir dust for preparation of substrates for grafted dwarf cashew seedlings. The trial was carried out at Embrapa Agroindustria Tropical, in Fortaleza city, Ceara State. Root-stocks were obtained from seeds of CCP06 and vegetative shoots were obtained from adult plants of CCP76, both dwarf cashew clones. Results revealed that coir dust either from mature or immature fruit was suitable for seedlings growth, being able to replace the low humid glei soil at 20%. Both substrates showed great facility to remove the seedlings from liner pots as well as good root aggregation to substrates.

Efeito da bactéria diazotrófica em mudas micropropagadas de abacaxizeiros Cayenne Champac em diferentes substratos

Abstract – The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of a diazotrophic bacteria isolated frompineapple ( Ananas comosus ) plants on plantlets growth and nutrient accumulation of the cultivarCayenne Champac grown with different substrates in tubules conditions. Treatments consisted of sixsubstrates: carbonized rice hulls + leave dust from carnauba ( Copernicia cerifera ) palm tree +vermicompost; carbonized rice hulls + rip coir dust + vermicompost; carbonized rice hulls + vermiculite +vermicompost; carbonized rice hulls + leave dust from carnauba palm tree + vermiculite; carbonizedrice hulls + ripe coir dust; and carbonized rice hulls + vermiculite. The bacterium isolate was identifiedby similarity (97% to 98%) of sequences of 16S rDNA with the species Asaia bogorensis. After thebacterial inoculation , plants were transferred to substrates into tubules conditions. After four months,at harvesting, acclimated plants were ready to be planted in the field. The occurrence of diazotrophicbacteria related to

Resposta de plantas micropropagadas de abacaxizeiro à inoculação de bactérias diazotróficas em casa de vegetação

Response of pineapple plantlets to inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria in greenhouse Abstract - The objective of this work was to select and to evaluate isolates of diazotrophic bacteria associated to pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merril) plants in the development of micropropagated plantlets of cultivars pineapple in greenhouse. Plantlets from the Perolera cultivar have been submitted to inoculation with Asaia bogorensis (AB219) and were cultivated during 145 days on the following mixtures: carbonized rice hulls, leave dust from carnauba (Copernica cerifera) palm tree, vermicompost; carbonized rice hulls, rip coir dust, vermicompost; and carbonized rice hulls, vermiculite, vermicompost. Plantlets of the Primavera cultivar had received bacterial inocules containing AB219 and bacteria related to Burkholderia cepacia (AB202 and AB213), while plantlets of Perola and Smooth Cayenne cultivars were bacterized with AB213 and AB219, and had been cultivated during 140 days on vermicompost and vermiculite mixture. The plant colonization by diazotrophs was confirmed. Plantlets of Perolera cultivar grew better on substratum with carbonized rice hulls, vermiculite and vermicompost and obtained benefits from AB219 bacterium. All diazotrophs did not improve significantly the biomass of the Primavera cultivar. Increment on root dry matter of Perola cultivar ranged from 23.1% to 38.5%, when AB213 and AB219 were applied, respectively. The AB213 isolate incremented 15.2% of dry matter in shoots of Smooth Cayenne cultivar. The results indicated the diazotrophic bacteria efficiency in promotion of pineapple plant growth.

Efeito de substratos na formação de porta-enxertos de Psidium guajava L. cv. Ogawa em tubetes

The formation of guava rootstocks in root plugs was evaluated in differents substrates: vermiculite + vermicompost, carbonized rice hulls + vermicompost, vermicompost + decompose cashewnut tegument, carbonized rice hulls + cattle manure, carbonized rice hulls + vermiculite and dust peel of ripened coconut fruit + decompose leave dust from carnauba palm tree. The experimental design was completely randomized with 6 treatments, 4 replicates and 14 plants per plot. The plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves were measured in three different periods at 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing. Shoot dry matter and root dry matter mass, the facility to remove the seedling from the root plug and substrates aggregation to root were evaluated at 120 days after sowing. The results showed that guava rootstocks with 120 days provided the taller plant height (30.2 cm), stem diameter (5.3 mm), dry matter mass (5.7g), root dry matter mass (3.0 g) and number of leaves (14.5) in the vermiculite + vermicompost substrate. The easiest substrate to take out the rootstocks from the root plug were achieved using vermiculite + vermicompost, vermicompost + decompose cashwewnut tegument, carbonized rice hulls + vermiculite and carbonized rice hulls + cattle manure. It was observed that all the substrates showed excellent results in substrate aggregation.

In vitro culture of Spondias mombin L. nodal segments

Spondias mombin L. shoot cultures were initiated from nodal explants taken from plants propagated by seeds. Explants coming from 4-6 months old plants, previously disinfected, were cultivated on WPM medium supplemented with a wide range of concentrations of BAP (0.0, 0.22, 0.44, 2.22 and 4.44 mM) and NAA (0.0, 0.27 and 2.70 mM). After four weeks, the responses obtained were axillary shoot and root formation. The first response were preferentially induced with the medium containing only BAP, regardless of the BAP concentration. The addition of NAA on medium reduced significantly axillary shoot formation and induced rhizogenesis. Roots were formed on nodal explant basis, preferentially on medium supplemented with 4.44 mM NAA. The medium supplemented with BAP reduced significantly root formation.

TROCAS GASOSAS E EFICIÊNCIA DO FOTOSSISTEMA II EM PLANTAS ADULTAS DE SEIS ESPÉCIES FLORESTAIS EM FUNÇÃO DO SUPRIMENTO DE ÁGUA NO SOLO1

A reducao da disponibilidade hidrica causa efeitos sobre a fotossintese e o desenvolvimento de especies arboreas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as trocas gasosas e a eficiencia fotoquimica do fotossistema II em plantas adultas de goncalo-alves (Astronium fraxinifolium Schott.), guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess.), ipe-amarelo (Handroanthus serratifolius (Vahl.), ipe-rosa (Handroanthus impetiginosa (Mart.) Matos), marupa (Simarouba amara Aubl.) e mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King.) cultivadas em condicoes de sequeiro e irrigadas, no Perimetro Irrigado do Baixo Acarau, Ceara. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de medidas repetidas no tempo, num esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas (6 x 2 x 3), sendo a parcela principal composta por seis especies, a subparcela por dois regimes hidricos (irrigado e sequeiro) e a subsubparcela pelas epocas de avaliacao. As analises das trocas gasosas foram realizadas em 22/11/2012 (estacao seca), 07/02/2013 (data que antecedeu o periodo chuvoso) e 17/05/2013 (estacao chuvosa). As especies mogno, guanandi e ipe-amarelo mostraram-se mais sensiveis ao deficit hidrico, em comparacao com as outras especies, o que foi evidenciado pelas maiores reducoes nas trocas gasosas e na eficiencia fotoquimica do fotossistema II. O ipe-rosa, o marupa e o goncalo-alves mostraram-se mais adaptados as condicoes de baixa disponibilidade hidrica do solo.

Efeito de bactérias diazotróficas na produção de abacaxizeiro 'Cayenne Champac', sob irrigação, em dois níveis de adubação nitrogenada

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of diazotrophic bacteria on yield of pineapple cv. Cayenne Champac (Champaka), under irrigation, with two levels of N fertilization. Treatments consisted of two N levels (180 kg and 300 kg ha-1 year-1), on the plots, and micropropagated plantlets inoculated with bacteria related to Burkholderia cepacia AB213, with Asaia bogorensis AB219 and without bacterial inoculation, on the subplots, using three replications. The bacterial inoculation was performed in a laboratory (with 108 bacterial cells plant-1) and the plant acclimatization in a glass house. After five months, they were transferred onto field, using 0.9 m between the lines and 0.3 m between the plants. The cultivar presented good performance under irrigation on the sandy soil in Pacajus, Ceara State, when fertilized with the highest N level. For each kilogram of the element the fresh mass of fruits grew by 124.3 kg ha-1, for the fertilizer levels. Plants inoculated with AB219 produced bigger fruits and 19.4% and 17.3% heavier when compared to fresh mass of fruits without and with crown from the controls on higher N level. The lower contribution of AB213 isolate was observed, and the fresh mass of fruits with crown ranged up to 9.9% on lower N level. The diazotrophic bacterial contribution on pineapple cv. Cayenne Champac was demonstrated with this work..