Donatella Saccone

Structural Change and Economic Development in China and India

The comparison of the periods of rapid economic growth in China since 1978 and India since 1992 markedly show different patterns of development and structural change. However, both countries experienced some of the advantages of “relative economic backwardness” and some aspects of the “fordist model of growth”. China had an anticipated and deeper structural change, spurred mainly by economic reforms and the growth of the internal market in the 1980s and since the mid-1990s by a very rapid penetration of its industrial products in the world market. However, a substantial part of its exports in medium and high tech sectors are due to joint- ventures with foreign multinationals. India had a more balanced structural change and a slower insertion in the world market, although some sectors, such as software, steel, automotive and pharmaceuticals are recently increasing their share in the world markets.

Embracing Diversity, Correcting Inequalities: Towards a New Global Governance for the UNESCO World Heritage

This paper addresses imbalances affecting world heritage sites in terms of how well conserved they are and what resources are available for their valorisation. The authors propose a policy mechanism of global governance divided into three steps. The first is a tax mechanism based on collecting resources from tourist activities and redistributing these resources at a regional level. The second step is meant to ensure an objective approach to measuring the needs and risk value of world heritage sites. The third step consists in using valorisation strategies to generate new economic resources, in particular from cultural tourism. The authors proposal is a contribution to the growing literature on UNESCO world heritage sites which helps ground the approach to decision making adopted to raise funds for conservation.

Economic growth in emerging economies: what, who and why

ABSTRACT This article proposes a general definition of emerging economies (EEs) and investigates the main determinants of their high rates of economic growth by extending the basic framework of neoclassical growth models to include various dimensions of economic development. According to the proposed definition, we find a list of 38 EEs for the period 2000–2014, whose emergence is proved to be strictly associated with the decline of the age dependency ratio, the increasing rates of investment growth and the improvements in human capital.

Income Concentration in China: What Role for Education?

This paper aims to analyse the relationship between income concentration and inequality in education in China for the period 1989 to 2006. We first estimate the association between individual attributes and income over time and, then, calculate the contribution of education and its distribution to income concentration. We find that education has become the bulk of income concentration and that the pace of equalising reforms should be accelerated, since the improvements in terms of educational equality are at risk to be counterbalanced by the fast growth of its importance in determining income distribution.

How diverse is the World Heritage list

The aim of the paper is twofold. First, we measure the degree of cultural diversity on the World Heritage list, considering both geographical and chronological unbalances. Second, we estimate the number of sites that would guarantee the highest level of cultural diversity and, then, we propose to increase the quality of the World Heritage list through a tournament model. The results show that, even if cultural diversity attained a good level, notable geographical unbalances overstayed and further improvement may be achieved by increasing the number of sites filling cultural categories still not represented. This would result in 358 new properties.