Dong Renjie

Effects of Fe2+ on the Anaerobic Digestion of Chicken Manure: A Batch Study

Trace elements are considered to be essential for anaerobic process. Laboratory-scale batch studies were undertaken to evaluate the effect of Fe2+ on the biogas production from chicken manure at mesophilic condition (37 ±1°C). The biogas production increased by 26.6% within 11 days when Fe2+ concentration was 25 mg/L with VS concentration of 50g/L. With the increase of Fe2+ concentration, the biogas production was improved significantly. The biogas production increased by 48.7%, 52.1% and 54.8% at Fe2+ concentration of 100, 250, 500 mg/L. However, the biogas production was inhibited by 57.9% when Fe2+ concentration was as high as 5000 mg/L. Additionally, the Gomperz equation and first-order dynamic model equation can well describe the biogas process using the batch experimental data.

Performance analysis of a top lit updraft (TLUD) gasifier stove, operated with respect to fuel characteristics of multiple types of biomass feedstock

Abstract. Nearly 3 billion of people, across the globe are using biomass cookstove to meet their energy requirement for cooking, water heating and space heating. These cookstoves work at a low efficiency and emits harmful pollutants which affect the health of women and children. Clean combustion and high efficiency are two focus areas that need to be improved in biomass cookstoves. . In this context, there are several improved cookstoves (based on top lit up-draft (TLUD) gasification principle) coming up as a solution to the above mentioned issues. However, the appropriate solution for clean cooking is yet to come. Considering the local need and biomass availability, performance of a TLUD stove (designed to meet the local need in China) was analyzed in detail. A selected set of biomass fuel, such as corn cob, wood chips, coal, wood char, biomass pellets and briquettes were considered for testing the performance of the cookstove. The TLUD stove was analyzed with respect to a maximum and minimum firepower. In addition, the biomass fuels burning rate, rate of power output and efficiency were tested for comparison and evaluation of the cookstove performance and fuel suitability. Biomass characteristics are analyzed with its proximate analysis and energy content. The results showed that the wood char (CO-45.8%, H 2 -23.7%, CO 2 -4.1%, CH 4 -0.6% and N 2 -25.7%) was found as a good fuel from the compositions of the gases as compared to other fuels. The thermal efficiency of the woochar was achieved (17.8%), and tar production (7g).