Dong-Yeop Lee

Reliability and Validity of the Balancia using Wii Balance Board for Assessment of Balance with Stroke Patients

Balance is the foundation for all active daily livings. Evaluation of balance has been conducted to measure postural sway of center of pressure(COP). The purpose of this study is to introduce the Balancia and to examine the validity and inter-, intra-reliability for measure of balance with stroke patients. COP was measured by Wii balance board. The subjects Participated in this study were 39 stroke patients. Intra- and inter-reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) with 95% confidence interval. In the result of intra- and inter-reliability, all COP parameters of postural sway showed high to very high reliability with ICC=.793-.939 and ICC=.791-.955. Validity was determined by correlation with Accusway force plate. There were high validity with ICC=.851-.955 between tools. According to these results, the Balancia showed high validity and reliability. It is a useful clinical tool for evaluating balance in stroke patients.

The Effects of Rehabilitation Exercise Using a Home Video Game (PS2) on Gait Ability of Chronic Stroke Patients

The purpose of this study was investigate the effect of rehabilitation exercise using a home video game(PS2, Sony) on gait ability in the chronic stroke patients. The subjects of this study were 32 patients who underwent stroke for more than 6 months and were assigned to a game-based exercise group (n

The Effects of a Warm Whirlpool Bath on Pain and Stiffness of Patients with Chronic Stroke Induced Knee Osteoarthritis

[Purpose] This study set out to investigate the effects of leg immersion in warm water on pain, and stiffness of patients with stroke-induced chronic osteoarthritis. [Subjects] Forty-four patients with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to either the whirlpool group (n=24) or the control group (n=20). [Methods] Subjects in the whirlpool group immersed their legs in a whirlpool bath at 40 °C for 40 minutes 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The control group of patients was instructed to perform activities as usual without using a whirlpool bath. Pre-immersion and post-immersion measurements of the Western Ontario and McMaster University arthritis index (WOMAC)-pain and stiffness indexes were compared to determine the effects of the intervention. The paired t-test was performed to test the significance of differences before and after the experiment. The independent t-test was conducted in order to test the significance of differences between the whirlpool and control groups. Statistical significance was accepted for values of p<0.05. [Results] The WOMAC-pain score, and stiffness index were significantly lower after the intervention. [Conclusion] Immersion of the lower extremities in a whirlpool bath was beneficial for patients with chronic stroke-induced knee osteoarthritis.

Effects of adjustment of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor function of the upper extremity in stroke patients.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the cerebral cortex motor area on the upper extremity functions of hemiplegic patients. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty four Patients with hemiplegia resulting from a stroke were divided into two groups: a tDCS group that received tDCS and physical therapy and a control group that received only physical therapy. A functional evaluation of the two groups was performed, and an electrophysiological evaluation was conducted before and after the experiment. Statistical analyses were performed to verify differences before and after the experiment. All statistical significance levels were set at 0.05. [Results] The results showed that functional evaluation scores for the elbow joint and hand increased after the treatment in both the experimental group and the control group, and the increases were statistically significantly different. [Conclusion] tDCS was effective in improving the upper extremity motor function of stroke patients. Additional research is warranted on the usefulness of tDCS in the rehabilitation of stroke patients in the clinical field.

The Effects of Trunk Stability Exercise on Dynamic Balance in the Persons with Chronic Stroke

This study compared the relative effectiveness of trunk stability exercise with general balance exercise on dynamic balance for patients with chronic patients. Thirty eight subjects were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. One group was trained trunk stability exercise and the other group was trained general balance exercise. This process was carried out three times a week for seven weeks. Dynamic balance was measured prior to commencement of the exercise programs, and again after seven weeks, when the programs were completed, in order to establish the effectiveness of both exercise programs. Both the trunk stability exercise and the general balance exercise increased BBS and TUG(p

Effects of fast and slow squat exercises on the muscle activity of the paretic lower extremity in patients with chronic stroke.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the speed of squat exercises on paretic lower extremity muscle activity in patients with hemiplegia following a stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Ten stroke patients performed fast and slow squat exercises for 2 seconds and 8 seconds, respectively. The muscle activities of the paretic and non-paretic sides of the rectus femoris muscle, the biceps femoris muscle, and the tibialis anterior muscle were assessed and compared using surface electromyography. [Results] The paretic side of the rectus femoris muscle showed statistically significant differences in the fast squat exercise group, which demonstrated the highest muscle activity during the rapid return to the upright position. [Conclusion] The rectus femoris muscle showed the highest muscle activity during the return to the upright position during the fast squat exercise, which indicates that the rectus femoris muscle is highly active during the fast squat exercise.

The Relationship of Abdominal Muscles Balance and Body Balance

This study aimed to identify what impact the thickness differences between the leftside and rightside transversus abdominis (TrA), internal obliquus (IO) and external obliquus (EO) have on balance ability in the abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) and resting postures. [Subjects and Methods] In this study, 41 young adults were asked to adopt a resting posture and to perform ADIM. The thicknesses of the abdominal muscles (TrA, IO, EO) were measured using ultrasound imaging, Then balance ability was measured, so that a comparative analysis could be carried out. [Results] According to the results, the thicknesses of TrA and IO very significantly increased when ADIM was performed. The changes in thickness of the muscles on the left and right sides showed no significant correlations with balance ability. [Conclusion] According to the study results, the difference in thickness between the left and right side muscles in a normal person is small (symmetric), and the differences in the thickness of TrA and IO on the left and right side reduced when the ADIM, which is a re-education method for abdominal muscles was performed. Therefore, we consider that the ADIM should be used in future clinical trials to induce symmetric contraction of the abdominal muscles. Also, the correlation results of muscle balance and body balance can be used as empirical data.

The Effects of Virtual Reality-based Exercise on Energy Expenditure during Gait in Chronic Stroke Patients

Abstract This study was aimed at determining the effect of virtual reality(VR) based exercise programs on energy expenditure during gait in chronic stroke patients. Thirty-two stroke patients were participated for this study. They underwent stroke for more than 6 months and were assigned to a VR-exercise group (n=16) or a control group (n=16). The VR-exercise group executed a rehabilitation exercise three times a week during 6 weeks. The VR-exercise was performed by PS2 for one hour. Control group maintained their usual life without application of exercise. Energy expenditure index(EEI) during gait was calculated from heart rate and gait velocity. After the completion of the VR-exercise, the EEI was decreased significantly (p<0.05). These results showed that the rehabilitation exercise using a virtual reality is effective in the improvement of energy efficiency during gait in chronic stroke patients.Key Words : Stroke, gait, Virtual reality, Energy expenditure index * 교신저자 : 신원섭(syrpt@hanmail.net)접수일 10년 08월 09일 수정일 10년 08월 23일 게재확정일 10년 10월 15일

A Study on Economic Stress-Related Factors with Stroke Patients

This study was carried out to examine relationships between financial pressures, depression, the quality of life related with economic stress factors on patients suffering from chronic strokes residing in Daejeon. 209 patients with chronic stroke being treated in genernal hospital were selected as subjects for this study. Data were collected by conducting 1:1 interviews through questionnaires. The study examined differences in patients` economic stress, depression, standard of living and the quality of lives through collected data. The results showed statistically meaningful analysis in standard of living(p.05), the standard of living (p

Core and Lower limb Activations of the two-handed and Single-Handed Kettlebell Exercises

Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the electromyography (EMG) of lower erector spinae (ES), biceps femoris (BF), rectus abdominis (RA), rectus femoris (RF), gluteus maximus (GMAX), gluteus medius(GMED) at dominant side of the trunk and lower limb in two-handed and single-handed kettlebell exercises. Methods/Statistical analysis: Twenty-eight healthy men participated in this study. During each kettlebell exercise, they were performed until the activity patterns of the graphs come out correctly with a 3kg kettlebell. A maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of unilateral each muscles was recorded. EMG activity was recorded during both the two-handed kettlebell exercise (THKE) and single-handed kettlebell exercise( SHKE) in a randomized order. Normalized muscular activation of the six muscles was calculated from EMG data. Findings: As a result, ES, BF and RF showed significant difference according to kettlebell exercise (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.01). ES was a significant difference between two-handed and single-handed. BF was a significant difference all between the swing movements and rest exercises. RF was a significant difference between kettlebell swing exercises and kettlebell goblet squat. Improvements/Applications: In conclusion, this article is expected to affect as information to be used the kettlebell exercises for patients with particular muscle weakness or low back pain in clinical.