Doobyeong Chae

Apo-9′-Fucoxanthinone, Isolated from Sargassum muticum, Inhibits CpG-Induced Inflammatory Response by Attenuating the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway

Sargassum muticum (S. muticum) is a brown edible alga and widely distributed in Korea. This report was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of apo-9′-fucoxanthinone (APO-9′) isolated from S. muticum on pro-inflammatory cytokine production. S. muticum extract (SME) exhibited significant inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory cytokine production in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and dendritic cells (BMDCs). APO-9′ pre-treatment in the CpG DNA-stimulated BMDMs and BMDCs showed a strong dose-dependent inhibitory effect on interleukin (IL)-12 p40, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production with IC50 values ranging from 5.31 to 13.79. It exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and on activator protein (AP)-1 reporter activity. APO-9′ pre-treatment exhibited significant inhibition of CpG DNA-induced production of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Taken together, these data suggest that SME and APO-9′ have a significant anti-inflammatory property and warrant further studies concerning the potentials of SME and APO-9′ for medicinal use.

Anti-inflammatory norditerpenoids from the soft coral Sinularia maxima

Chemical investigation of the soft coral Sinularia maxima resulted in the isolation of seven norditerpenoids, including two new compounds, 12-hydroxy-scabrolide A (2) and 13-epi-scabrolide C (6). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic evidence including Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) and both one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR, respectively), in comparison with reported data. Compound 6 potently inhibited IL-12 and IL-6 production in LPS-stimulated bone marrow derived dendritic (BMDCs) with IC(50) values of 5.30 ± 0.21 and 13.12 ± 0.64 μM, respectively. Compound 1 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against IL-12 and IL-6 production with IC(50) values of 23.52 ± 1.37 and 69.85 ± 4.11 μM, respectively.

Pyrrole and furan oligoglycosides from the starfish Asterina batheri and their inhibitory effect on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.

Three new pyrrole oligoglycosides, astebatheriosides A-C (1-3), and a new furan oligoglycoside, astebatherioside D (4), were isolated from the starfish Asterina batheri by various chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compounds 2, 3, and 4 moderately inhibited IL-12 p40 production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) with IC50 values of 36.4, 31.6, and 22.8μM, respectively.

Octaphlorethol A Inhibits the CpG-Induced Inflammatory Response by Attenuating the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and NF-κB Pathways

Octaphlorethol A is a phenolic compound isolated from the marine alga Ishige foliacea. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of octaphlorethol A in CpG-stimulated primary murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and dendritic cells. It exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB pathways.

Sea lettuce (Ulva fasciata) extract has an inhibitory effect on proinflammatory cytokine production in CpG-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages and dendritic cells

This report was designed to study inhibitory effect of sea lettuce (Ulva fasciata) extract (UFE) on proinflammatory cytokine production in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and dendritic cells (BMDC). The UFE (0–50 μg/mL) pre-treatment showed a dose dependant inhibitory effect on interlukin (IL)-12 p40, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α productions in CpG-stimulated BMDMs and BMDCs as compared to non-treated controls. The UFE pre-treatment exhibited strong inhibitory effect on the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) while it showed moderate inhibition on nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation as indirectly evaluated by degradation of IκBα. In activator protein (AP)-1 and NF-κB reporter gene assay, the UFE pre-treatment showed moderate inhibitory effect on both AP-1- and NF-κBdependent reporter gene activities. Thus, these results suggest that inhibitory effect of UFE on pro-inflammatory cytokine production may correlate with partial inhibition of both AP-1 and NF-κB pathways. Hence, our data warrant further studies concerning potentials of sea lettuce for medicinal food.

Extracts of the seaweed Sargassum macrocarpum inhibit the CpG-induced inflammatory response by attenuating the NF-κB pathway

The anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of the seaweed Sargassum macrocarpum (SME) in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and dendritic cells (BMDCs) were investigated. Primary BMDMs and BMDCs were used for cytokine production and western blot analysis. SME (0–50 μg/mL) pre-treatment resulted in a strong inhibitory effect against interleukin (IL)-12 p40, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production in CpG-stimulated BMDMs and BMDCs. SME pre-treatment caused a strong inhibitory effect against NF-κB activation, as evaluated using degradation of IκBα and the NF-κB reporter gene assay. SME has significant anti-inflammatory properties and warrants further study regarding potential use as a medicinal food.