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Bioética na América Latina: desafio ao poder hegemônico

This paper proposes a discussion on relevant issues for the consolidation of Bioethics in developing countries, specifically considering the Latin American Bioethics. It seeks to encourage the debate on the construction of an alternative to the impasses resulting from the expansion of the subject scope and focus to the social dimension. For this, it succinctly outlines the viewpoint of Bioethics in these countries, starting from the characterization of this field of study and summarizing briefly its construction process. In broad terms, it outlines the main achievements of Bioethics developed in the Brazilian and Latin American context, especially emphasizing their approach to human rights, taken as regulatory milestones of ethical standards in social relations. It presents, in the end, critical considerations about the paradox implied in adopting Human Rights, seeking to encourage reflection about Bioethics as a tool to fight against the inequalities that still feature our continent.Este trabajo propone a discusion acerca de puntos relevantes para la consolidacion de la bioetica en los paises en desarrollo, considerando, especificamente, las bioeticas Latinoamericanas. Busca estimular el debate acerca de la construccion de una alternativa al callejon sin salida que resulta de la expansion del alcance y enfoque de la asignatura a la dimension social. Para ello, describe de manera sucinta el panorama de la bioetica en estos paises, a partir de la caracterizacion de este campo de estudio y que resume, en un breve historial, su proceso de construccion. En lineas generales describe los principales logros de las bioeticas desarrolladas en el contexto brasileno y latinoamericano, destacando, sobretodo, su acercamiento a los Derechos Humanos, considerados hitos regulatorios de los estandares eticos en las relaciones sociales. Presenta, al final, las consideraciones criticas acerca de la paradoja implicada en la adopcion de los Derechos Humanos, tratando de fomentar la reflexion acerca de la bioetica como herramienta de lucha contra las desigualdades que aun marcan nuestro continente.

Percepção de saúde na etnia Guarani Mbyá e a atenção à saúde

The article results from a qualitative research on the perception of health of the Guarany Mbya ethnic group held in 3 villages in the South of Brazil. The cultural characteristics of the group were surveyed in the literature, observed in fieldwork and confirmed in the 20 open interviews conducted with community members and health professionals from the National Health Foundation (FUNASA), responsible for the basic assistance to the villages. The results show that the Mbya consider the cultural shock with the surrounding society the main factor of illness, emphasizing the importance of preserving and enhancing their traditional way of living for maintaining the health of individuals and communities. The data allow to associate their health representations to the land and social justice problems experienced by the groups. They point to the importance of improving the training of the technical health staff, specifically related to the understanding of the inter-ethnic differences between the Mbya and Western culture to ensure the effectiveness of treatments and programs. The analyses also highlights positive and negative aspects of the operationalization of health care in the villages and in the final considerations are given suggestions aiming its improvement.

Combate à violência contra crianças e adolescentes: desafio para a sociedade brasileira

The idea of childhood has varied over the centuries and between cultures. According to Narodowski, childhood is a historical phenomenon and not merely a natural one, and in the West its primary characteristics can be classified as heteronomy, dependence and obedience to an adult in exchange for protection 1 . This perspective is in line with Philippe Aries’s proposition, which suggests that we must accept that childhood, as it is understood today, did not exist before the sixteenth century 2 .

Deficiência e acessibilidade: a discussão nacional é indispensável

Estudar, pesquisar, discutir, falar e escrever sobre um tema dos mais importantes e que faz parte das nossas preocupacoes social e humana e desafio que deve ser enfrentado no âmbito mais apropriado: a bioetica. Questoes de deficiencia e acessibilidade remetem aos direitos fundamentais da pessoa, a Constituicao brasileira, a legislacao vigente no pais, ao Sistema Unico de Saude (SUS) e a conceitos, teorias eticas e principios de justica como autonomia, equidade, exclusao social, moral, utilitarismo e vulnerabilidade, entre outras questoes, discutidas por bioeticistas e filosofos, contemporâneos ou nao.

Revista Bioética: qualidade & transparência

Ampliando a pratica de sistematicamente informar ao corpo editorial e pareceristas ad hoc a respeito dos principais aspectos do trâmite editorial anual da Revista Bioetica, os editores aproveitam o ensejo propiciado pelo envio do Plano de Desenvolvimento Editorial a Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Fapesp) e ao Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) para estender a politica de transparencia na gestao tambem aos leitores, autores e a todos os interessados no periodico. Acreditamos que a disseminacao destas informacoes trara ainda mais confianca na etica e probidade em nosso trâmite editorial.

Engenharia clínica: nova “ponte” para a bioética?

This case study was based on a performance analysis of the hospital services offered by Dom Orione Hospital, in Araguaina/TO, Brazil, as a result of the structuring of the department of Clinical Engineering in the institution, in which 70% of the services provided are aimed at patients from the Brazilian Unified Health System. The increase achieved in the amount of care provided and in the quality of services offered points to the social nature of this institutional structuring process, noting both its convergence with the principles and values espoused by bioethics, whether from the clinical perspective regarding the social theoretical model, or as it suits the assumptions that guide the Brazilian Unified Health System itself.This case study was based on a performance analysis of the hospital services offered by Dom Orione Hospital, in Araguaína/TO, Brazil, as a result of the structuring of the department of Clinical Engineering in the institution, in which 70% of the services provided are aimed at patients from the Brazilian Unified Health System. The increase achieved in the amount of care provided and in the quality of services offered points to the social nature of this institutional structuring process, noting both its convergence with the principles and values espoused by bioethics, whether from the clinical perspective regarding the social theoretical model, or as it suits the assumptions that guide the Brazilian Unified Health System itself.

Exclusion and bioethics: a Brazilian perspective

This paper discusses exclusion from the perspective of a developing country, namely Brazil, associating semantic peculiarities to the behavior of different social groups and actors and relating them to the hierarchical structure that shapes society. Aiming to uncover these unconscious mechanisms, the article seeks to elicit individual reflection on the role that each person plays in the maintenance of the inequities inherent to social life in this context.

Bioethics in Latin America: challenge to hegemonic power

This paper proposes a discussion on relevant issues for the consolidation of Bioethics in developing countries, specifically considering the Latin American Bioethics. It seeks to encourage the debate on the construction of an alternative to the impasses resulting from the expansion of the subject scope and focus to the social dimension. For this, it succinctly outlines the viewpoint of Bioethics in these countries, starting from the characterization of this field of study and summarizing briefly its construction process. In broad terms, it outlines the main achievements of Bioethics developed in the Brazilian and Latin American context, especially emphasizing their approach to human rights, taken as regulatory milestones of ethical standards in social relations. It presents, in the end, critical considerations about the paradox implied in adopting Human Rights, seeking to encourage reflection about Bioethics as a tool to fight against the inequalities that still feature our continent.Este trabajo propone a discusion acerca de puntos relevantes para la consolidacion de la bioetica en los paises en desarrollo, considerando, especificamente, las bioeticas Latinoamericanas. Busca estimular el debate acerca de la construccion de una alternativa al callejon sin salida que resulta de la expansion del alcance y enfoque de la asignatura a la dimension social. Para ello, describe de manera sucinta el panorama de la bioetica en estos paises, a partir de la caracterizacion de este campo de estudio y que resume, en un breve historial, su proceso de construccion. En lineas generales describe los principales logros de las bioeticas desarrolladas en el contexto brasileno y latinoamericano, destacando, sobretodo, su acercamiento a los Derechos Humanos, considerados hitos regulatorios de los estandares eticos en las relaciones sociales. Presenta, al final, las consideraciones criticas acerca de la paradoja implicada en la adopcion de los Derechos Humanos, tratando de fomentar la reflexion acerca de la bioetica como herramienta de lucha contra las desigualdades que aun marcan nuestro continente.

Bioética en Latinoamérica: desafío al poder hegemónico

This paper proposes a discussion on relevant issues for the consolidation of Bioethics in developing countries, specifically considering the Latin American Bioethics. It seeks to encourage the debate on the construction of an alternative to the impasses resulting from the expansion of the subject scope and focus to the social dimension. For this, it succinctly outlines the viewpoint of Bioethics in these countries, starting from the characterization of this field of study and summarizing briefly its construction process. In broad terms, it outlines the main achievements of Bioethics developed in the Brazilian and Latin American context, especially emphasizing their approach to human rights, taken as regulatory milestones of ethical standards in social relations. It presents, in the end, critical considerations about the paradox implied in adopting Human Rights, seeking to encourage reflection about Bioethics as a tool to fight against the inequalities that still feature our continent.Este trabajo propone a discusion acerca de puntos relevantes para la consolidacion de la bioetica en los paises en desarrollo, considerando, especificamente, las bioeticas Latinoamericanas. Busca estimular el debate acerca de la construccion de una alternativa al callejon sin salida que resulta de la expansion del alcance y enfoque de la asignatura a la dimension social. Para ello, describe de manera sucinta el panorama de la bioetica en estos paises, a partir de la caracterizacion de este campo de estudio y que resume, en un breve historial, su proceso de construccion. En lineas generales describe los principales logros de las bioeticas desarrolladas en el contexto brasileno y latinoamericano, destacando, sobretodo, su acercamiento a los Derechos Humanos, considerados hitos regulatorios de los estandares eticos en las relaciones sociales. Presenta, al final, las consideraciones criticas acerca de la paradoja implicada en la adopcion de los Derechos Humanos, tratando de fomentar la reflexion acerca de la bioetica como herramienta de lucha contra las desigualdades que aun marcan nuestro continente.