Douglas Eugene Bugner

Unexpected Sultine Formation Resulting from the Friedel-Crafts Sulfonylation of Fluorene with 2,4,6-Triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl Chloride

Abstract An attempted Friedel-Crafts sulfonylation of fluorene with 2,4,6-trilsopropylbenzenesulfonyl chloride and aluminum trichloride resulted in an unexpected byproduct. Physical data are-consistent with the formation of a sultine, 5,7-diisopropyl-3,3-dimethyl-benzo[d]-2,1-oxathiole 1-oxide (5).

Photoelectrographic masters containing nonionic acid photogenerators

Photoelectrographic printing is a technology which utilizes photoelectrographic masters and conventional electrophotographic toners for short run printing applications. Masters based on onium salt acid photogeneration have many desirable attributes. One shortcoming, however, is their sensitivity to changes in relative humidity. We have previously reported on a class of polymeric binders which largely overcome this problem. We have now found a class of non-ionic acid photogenerators which further enhance the performance of such masters with respect to changes in relative humidity and which enable the use of a broader spectrum of polymeric binders. We examined representative compounds from several classes of non-ionic acid photogenerators. The best results were obtained with sulfonate esters of N- hydroxyimides. Standard polycarbonate or polyester-based formulations containing these compounds along with a near-UV sensitizer exhibit contrast potentials near 90% of the initial surface potential upon exposure with a 500-W mercury arc lamp. This contrast potential remains nearly constant over the range of 30-70% relative humidity.

Photoelectrographic printing with persistently conductive masters based on onium salt acid photogenerators

Photoelectrographic masters based on onium salt acid photogenerators have many desirable attributes. They are planar and bipolar, and they require no preconditioning, such as heat or corona treatment. Upon UV exposure, contrast potentials which are > 80% of Vo in < 100 msec after charging are observed. The persistent conductivity lasts for months without noticeable deterioration under ambient conditions. As many as 5000 high-quality prints from a single exposure have been made at rate of ca. 1 print/sec. In this paper, the performance attributes of masters containing a dairyliodonium sulfonate salt as the acid photogenerating compound are demonstrated and discussed.