Downing A. Thomas

Success in circuit lies : Diderot's communicational practice

As contemporary thinkers continue to explore the intellectual affinities that bind the eighteenth and twentieth centuries, their attention has turned with increasing frequency to Diderot. Focusing on models of communication, this book draws on an interdisciplinary configuration - a conjunction of communication theory, philosophy of science, and literary theory - to analyze texts from Diderots own interdisciplinary corpus. Of particular pertinence to the authors argument is Michel Serress model of dialogue. Rejecting the traditional notion of dialogue as a binary exchange, Serres defines it instead as the product of the association of two interlocutors, who join forces against a third term - another interlocutor or background noise - that threatens to disrupt the exchange. Serres thus substitutes a ternary model of dialogue for the conventional binary one. Using Serress model as a point of departure, the author not only identifies specific instances of Diderots use of a ternary communicational model but, more important, also demonstrates how Diderots writings themselves generate a ternary model of communication that is uniquely his. She does this by tracing the model through texts drawn from domains as diverse as fiction, history, and natural philosophy. The repeated recurrence of Diderots ternary model in these different contexts brings into focus an unexpected unity in what at first looks like a disparate corpus. As the analysis proceeds, furthermore, it also becomes clear that Diderots materialist philosophy dictates a rhetoric aiming at the sensitive body just as much as the reasoning mind. Though the astounding diversity of Diderots writings - as encyclopedist, novelist, playwright, philosopher, scientific theorist, and art critic - has most often led critics to avoid the question of what coherences there might be within that diversity, in this book the author asks just that question - and goes far toward providing a convincing, satisfying, and stimulating answer. The book includes a new translation of the Preface-annexe of La Religieuse, the integral part of Diderots novel missing from most readily available English-language editions.

NEGOTIATING TASTE IN MONTESQUIEU

Montesquieus unfinished essay on taste, often considered weak and superficial, has been neglected by scholars. This article aims to provide a better understanding of the essay, published in incomplete form in the Encyclopédie after Montesquieus death in 1755, by suggesting connections between his writings on aesthetics and his much more voluminous publications on politics and society. The article examines how Montesquieu sought to negotiate the complexities of cultural and individual differences within a conception of shared human traits—perhaps the fundamental question that eighteenth-century aesthetic theory sought to address.