Dulce Lopes Barboza Ribas

Nutrição e saúde infantil em uma comunidade indígena Teréna, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

This paper describes the health and nutritional situation of South American Indian children from a Teréna community, characterizing their nutritional status, food consumption, and socioeconomic and environmental conditions. The sample included 100 children, ranging from 0 to 59 months of age and living in Aldeia Córrego do Meio, Mato Grosso do Sul. Prevailing nutritional deficits were: 8.0% for the weight-for-age index, 16.0% for height-for-age, and 5.0% for weight-for-height. The growth deficit rate was higher than that of the Brazilian population as a whole, probably reflecting the precarious socioeconomic, environmental, and health conditions in this Teréna community. Analysis of the average nutrient sufficiency in the infant diet showed that nutritional recommendations for the different groups were not complied with. New studies, characterized as transdisciplinary and longitudinal, are necessary to better understand this process.

Saúde e estado nutricional infantil de uma população da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the nutritional status of infants who reside in the city of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. METHODS The method used was that of a cross sectional household study by means of an anthropometric social survey, sampling 652 children from 0 to 59 months of age. RESULTS A low prevalence of nutritional deficit, excepting that of height-for-age, starting in the first year of life, was found. The nutritional status proved to be influenced by the socioeconomic conditions, especially concerning per capita family income. Nearly all children started breast-feeding but were weaned during the first month. Exclusive breast-feeding is of short duration and soon replaced by infant formula. The survey of mother-child assistance demonstrated an excellent coverage of prenatal care, but inadequacy in the follow-up of the childs health at all income levels. CONCLUSIONS The need to carry out changes in the approach to preventive actions and in the monitoring of the nutritional situation of the children, concerning the problems identified in this study in order to allow for the development of differential actions in the nutritional field has been identified.Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos e Saude Publica do Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS). Campo Grande, MS Brasil (DLBR); Departamento de Nutricao da Faculdade de Saude Publica da Universidade de Sao Paulo (FSP/USP). Sao Paulo, SP Brasil (STP); Departamento de Saude Materno-Infantil da FSP/USP. Sao Paulo, SP Brasil (ACD’AT); Departamento de Computacao e Estatistica do Centro de Ciencias Exatas e Tecnologicas da UFMS (JRZ)OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional de criancas residentes em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. METODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base domiciliar, atraves de um inquerito antropometrico-social, com amostra de 652 criancas de 0 a 59 meses de idade. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas baixas prevalencias de deficts nutricionais, com excecao para deficits de altura/idade, tendo inicio ainda no primeiro ano de vida. O estado nutricional mostrou-se influenciado pelas condicoes socioeconomicas, especialmente a renda per capita familiar. Quase a totalidade das criancas iniciaram a amamentacao, mas o desmame teve inicio ainda no primeiro mes. O aleitamento materno exclusivo e de curta duracao, com oferta precoce de substitutos do leite materno. A analise da assistencia materno-infantil apresentou boa cobertura de pre-natal, mas deficiente no acompanhamento da saude infantil em todas as faixas de renda. CONCLUSOES: Identificou-se a necessidade de realizar alteracoes na abordagem das acoes preventivas de vigilância da situacao nutricional das criancas, para que haja condicoes de desenvolver acoes diferenciadas no campo nutricional.

Doenças e práticas terapêuticas entre os Teréna de Mato Grosso do Sul

This article aims to describe the views of health and disease held by the Terena people of the Buriti Indigenous Land, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, devoting closer attention to the iden tification and diagnostic interpretation of chronic disease and related therapeutic practices. Con ducted from March to August 2010, this qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with 24 Terena members and was complemented with field notes (participant observation). The understanding of health and disease held by the Terena are integral to daily life issues such as diminishing land avail ability, climate change, influences of urban life, and rule-breaking. Observations regarding therapeutic processes revealed an interest in counseling, as well as in family and religious care, concurrently with the biomedical care obtained at the local health cen ter - resources that are seen as complementary. The interpretive schemes reported by the participants for the causality of hypertension bear relation with living conditions, environmental contamination, dietary changes, spell-casting, and disobedience to older adults. Understanding disease and seeking cure are experienced by the Terena as processes stemming from local knowledge, involvement of various participants, and available resources and technologies, each of them part of a dynamic cul tural and social context.

COZINHA TERENA: NOVAS PRÁTICAS ALIMENTARES EM TEMPOS DE MUDANÇA

Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar aspectos da cozinha terena, analisando a composicao da dieta, as praticas alimentares e recomendacoes gerais em situacoes especificas da vida, como o puerperio e presenca de doencas. O estudo foi de abordagem qualitativa com individuos terena, identificados como informantes-chave nas questoes da comida e cozinha e residentes na Terra Indigena Buriti, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Os relatos evidenciaram significativas mudancas nas praticas alimentares, com destaque para as mudancas ocorridas na obtencao e plantio dos proprios alimentos, a introducao de alimentos industrializados e as preocupacoes com os resultados oriundos dos novos habitos. A limitacao da area disponivel, a degradacao ambiental e a presenca de alimentos fornecidos na cesta basica foram indicadas como elementos que contribuem para alteracoes da dieta terena. A permanencia da cozinha de taquarussu, o fogao a lenha, a conservacao das carnes pela desidratacao, os alimentos disponiveis no fogao, o local das refeicoes, a familia reunida, os utensilios e as receitas transmitidas oralmente sao elementos repletos de valores simbolicos da cultura terena. Novos estudos sao necessarios para aprofundamento de elementos aqui identificados e abordados como pequenos fragmentos da realidade, necessitando de maior discussao teorica sobre a rica experiencia terena em contexto de mudanca.