Durg Singh Chauhan

Electronically tunable low-voltage mixed-mode universal biquad filter

This study presents an electronically tunable low-voltage mixed-mode universal biquad filter. The proposed filter employs only three current controlled current conveyor trans-conductance amplifiers (CCCCTAs) and two grounded capacitors. The proposed filter can realise low pass, band pass and high pass responses in all the four possible modes, that is, voltage-mode, current-mode, trans-admittance-mode and trans-impedance-mode from the same configuration. The filter can also realise regular notch, low-pass notch, high-pass notch and all pass responses in current and trans-admittance-mode, with interconnection of relevant output currents. The filter parameters namely pole frequency, quality factor, bandwidth and filter gains can be tuned electronically. Moreover, the circuit parameters such as pole frequency and quality factor can be simultaneously current controlled without affecting bandwidth. Effects of non-idealities and parasitic are also discussed. The circuit possesses low active and passive sensitivity and can be operated at low power supply (±1 V). The validity of the proposed filter is verified through computer simulations using PSPICE, the industry standard tool. Possible experimental setup for CCCCTA using commercial available integrated circuits is further discussed.

Voltage-mode cascadable all-pass sections with two grounded passive components and one active element

Two new first-order voltage-mode (VM) cascadable all-pass sections are proposed using a single, active element and two grounded passive components, ideal for IC implementation. The active element used is a fully differential current conveyor. All the circuits possess high input and low output impedances, which is a desirable feature for VM circuits. The proposed circuits are verified through PSPICE simulation results. The circuits have useful analogue signal processing applications in nth-order all-pass filter and multiphase oscillator.

Comparative analysis of Traffic Patterns on k-ary n-tree using adaptive algorithms based on Burton Normal Form

Abstractk-ary n-trees are a particular type of Fat-Trees that belong to parametric family of topologies. In spite of their wide usage as an Interconnection Network topology, it has been quite unclear about the performance of Adaptive Routing Algorithms on them. In this paper, we consider a 4-ary 3-tree and analyze two Adaptive Routing Algorithms namely the Non-Minimal Adaptive Routing Algorithm and Minimal Adaptive Routing Algorithm. Specifically, the application of these algorithms on 4-ary 3-tree using various Traffic Patterns has been simulated. The six Traffic Patterns called BitTranspose, BitReversal, BitComplement, Uniform Distribution, k-shift and Ring are used as running examples throughout the paper. The simulation results show that the Network Latency for k-ary n-tree is much higher in case of the Non-Minimal Algorithm as compared to the Minimal Algorithm. However, in case of Ring Traffic, the results show a deviant behavior when compared to other patterns.

Novel Cascadable All-Pass/Notch Filters Using a Single FDCCII and Grounded Capacitors

Four new second-order voltage-mode cascadable all-pass/notch filters are proposed using only a single active element and four passive components. The active element used is a fully differential current conveyor. All the circuits possess high-input and low-output impedance, which is a desirable feature for voltage-mode circuits. A non-ideal and parasitic study is also performed. The proposed circuits are verified through PSPICE simulation results.

A novel approach for security in Cloud Computing using Hidden Markov Model and clustering

In todays fastest growing IT industry Cloud Computing is gaining much more popularity because the Cloud providers feel that it is very easy to manage the data in the cloud environment rather than normal web-sites in form of simple web pages. Every day the data seeking is being done by many users immensely. Here due to immense number of users seeking the data on daily basis there is a serious security concerns to the cloud providers as well as the data providers who put their data on the cloud computing environment. This paper provides solution of the security issues of cloud computing with the help of Hidden Markov Model based Clustering using data mining Techniques which can be very fruitful technique to detect any kind of intrusion detection in the network.

A Dynamic Approach to Estimate Change Impact using Type of Change Propagation

Abstract —Software evolution is an ongoing process carried out with the aim of extending base applications either for adding new functionalities or for adapting software to changing environments. This brings about the need for estimating and determining the overall impact of changes to a software system. In the last few decades many such change/impact analysis techniques have been developed to identify consequences of making changes to software systems. In this paper we propose a new approach of estimating change/impact analysis by classifying change based on type of change classification e.g. (a) nature and (b) extent of change propagation. The impact set produced consists of two dimensions of information: (a) statements affected by change propagation and (b) percentage i.e. statements affected in each category and involving the overall system. We also propose an algorithm for classifying the type of change. To establish confidence in effectiveness and efficiency we illustrate this technique with the help of an example. Results of our analysis are promising towards achieving the aim of the proposed endeavor to enhance change classification. The proposed dynamic technique for estimating impact sets and their percentage of impact will help software maintainers in performing selective regression testing by analyzing impact sets regarding the nature of change and change dependency.

Voltage Mode Cascadable AllPass Sections Using Single Active Element and Grounded Passive Components

In this paper, four new first order voltage mode cascadable allpass sections are proposed using single active element and three grounded passive components, ideal for IC implementation. The active element used is a fully differential current conveyor. All the proposed circuit possess high input and low output impedance feature which is a desirable feature for voltagemode circuits. Nonideality aspects and parasitic effects are also given. As an application, a multiphase oscillator is designed. The proposed circuits are verified through PSPICE simulation results using TSMC 0.35 µm CMOS parameters.

Stochastic communication for application-specific Networks-on-Chip

In this paper, we have developed analytical stochastic communication technique for inter and intra-Networks-on-Chip (NoC) communication. It not only separates the computation and communication in Networks-in-Package (NiP) but also predicts the communication performance. Moreover, it will help in tracking of the lost data packets and their exact location during the communication. Further, the proposed technique helps in building the Closed Donor Controlled Based Compartmental Model, which helps in building Stochastic Model of NoC and NiP. This model helps in computing the transition probabilities, latency, and data flow from one IP to other IP in a NoC and among NoCs in NiP. From the simulation results, it is observed that the transient and steady state response of transition probabilities give state of data flow latencies among the different IPs in NoC and among the compartments of NoCs in NiP. Furthermore, the proposed technique produces low latency as compared to the latencies being produced by the existing topologies.

3-Disjoint Paths Fault-tolerant Omega Multi-stage Interconnection Network with Reachable Sets and Coloring Scheme

In this paper, we have proposed a new 16 x 16 3-Disjoint Paths Fault-tolerant Omega Multi-stage Interconnection Network (3-DON) using the concept of reachable sets and coloring scheme. A 3-Disjoint network can concurrently send packets from the source node to increase the arrival ratio or tolerate a maximum of 2 faults in the network by re-routing the packet through another path We have used red blue, green and yellow color for the coloring the nodes. The New 3-DON is better in comparison to existing non Fault-tolerant Omega Multi-stage Interconnection Network in every aspect of performance except the cost.

An Electronically Tunable SIMO Biquad Filter Using CCCCTA

This paper presents an electronically tunable single input multiple output (SIMO) biquad filter using current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifiers (CCCCTAs). The proposed filter employs only two CCCCTA and three capacitors out of which two are permanently grounded. The proposed filter realizes low pass (LP), band pass (BP) and high pass (HP) responses in voltage form as well as in transadmittance form simultaneously. The circuit can also realize band reject (BR) as well as all pass (AP) responses in transadmittance form, with interconnection of relevant output currents. The circuit enjoys an independent current control of pole frequency and bandwidth as well as quality factor and bandwidth. Both the active and passive sensitivities are no more than unity. The validity of proposed filter is verified through PSPICE simulations.