Dursun Buyuktas

Assessment of Different Irrigation Levels on Peanut Crop Yield and Quality Components under Mediterranean Conditions

AbstractThis study was carried out to determine the effect of regular deficit drip irrigation strategies on growth, yield, and yield components, as well as water use efficiency (WUE) under Mediterranean conditions. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea cv. NC-7) crops were grown in the seasons of 2013 and 2014. Irrigation water applications were 0 (I0), 25% (I25), 50% (I50), 75% (I75), 100% (I100), and 125% (I125) based on cumulative evaporation (Epan) measured in a Class A pan. Different irrigation levels applied have statistically significant effects on yield components such as plant height, primary branch length and number, dry shoot and root weight, number of pods, and 100-seed weight. In both years, water stress significantly decreased linoleic acid, protein, and oil content, although it increased oleic acid. The I100 irrigation treatment produced the highest protein value (32.5% in 2013 and 32.7% in 2014), whereas I0 yielded the lowest values (24.6% in 2013 and 25.9% in 2014). The maximum seed yield was obtained...

Use of Crop Water Stress Index for Irrigation Scheduling of Soybean in Mediterranean Conditions

Canopy temperature measured via infrared thermometers is an important parameter to determine crop water stress. The crop water stress index (CWSI) is the most often used index based on difference of canopy-air temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) to detect crop water stress and to schedule irrigation for field crops. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the canopy-air temperature difference and the vapor pressure deficit in order to calculate the CWSI value in soybean plants. The study is carried out in randomized complete block design with six different irrigation treatments and three replications at the Batı Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BAARI), Antalya, Turkey. Plots were irrigated when the cumulative evaporation Original Research Article Tekelioğlu et al.; JEAI, 18(6): 1-8, 2017; Article no.JEAI.37058 2 in Class A pan is 25±5 mm using drip irrigation system based on the plant-pan coefficient (kpc) of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25. Before and after each irrigation, canopy temperature was measured using a portable infrared thermometer in all treatments between 11.00 to14.00. Throughout the season, before irrigation, soil moisture content was measured. The CWSI values were determined using empirical approach. When using this technique in Antalya conditions, it is suggested to keep the seasonal mean CWSI value approximately 0.26 and index value of 0.40 can be used to start irrigations. Additionally, it is suggested that the amount of irrigation can be equal to the amount of evaporation measured until the index value reach 0.40. According to the results obtained, it is concluded that infrared thermometer can be used to schedule irrigation of the soybean plant under Mediterranean (Antalya) conditions of Turkey.

The effects of different irrigation levels on flowering and flower quality of carnation ( Dianthus caryophllus L.) irrigated by drip irrigation

Water usage is a vital issue for all agricultural crops as well as for ornamental crops. To obtain high quality flowers, it is essential to supply water when it is required. A problem which is common with cut flower growers are determining when to irrigate and the amount of water to apply. The effect of two irrigation intervals (I 1 : 10 mm pan evaporation and I 2 : 20 mm pan evaporation) and four pan coefficients (Pc 1 = 0.60 Epan, Pc 2 = 0.90 Epan, Pc 3 = 1.20 Epan and Pc 4 = 1.50 Epan) based on the amount of evaporation measured by a Class A Pan (CAP) on flower yield and flower quality of carnation ( Dianthus caryophyllus L. cv. “Judith”) plant grown in a plastic greenhouse and irrigated by a drip irrigation system under Mediterranean conditions was investigated. Irrigation intervals varied from 1 to 6 days in I 1 and 4 to 12 days in I 2 treatments. Both irrigation intervals (I) and pan coefficient (Pc) significantly influenced carnation yield. Maximum yields were obtained from the I 1 Pc 3 treatment as 6.7 and 6.8 flowers per plant and minimum yields from the I 2 Pc 1 treatment as 5.6 flowers per plant in the first and second year of the experiment, respectively. Similarly, irrigation intervals and pan coefficient had significant different effects on quality parameters such as flower stem length, flower stem diameter, stem weight, flower diameter, and vase life. Better flower quality was obtained from the treatments of higher frequency irrigations with high pan coefficients compared to lower frequency irrigations with lower pan coefficients. In conclusion, I 1 Pc 3 irrigation regime is recommended for growing cut flower carnation in order to obtain higher yield with improved quality. Key words : Carnation, irrigation, Class A Pan, pan coefficient.