Dyah Maharani

FABP3 and FABP4 Genes Are the Potential Candidates for Body Weights in Korean Native Chicken

FABPs, 15 kDa organic substances, are small intracellular proteins which have a primary role to regulate fatty acid uptake and intracellular transport. This study was conducted to identify SNPs in the two FABP family genes and their associations with the body weight traits in Korean native chicken (KNC). Two SNPs, namely g.508C>T of FABP3 gene and g.285C>T of FABP4 gene, have been genotyped by using PCR-RFLP method. The results showed that FABP3 was significantly associated with body weight at birth, body weights at 12 to 20 weeks, and also slaughter weight. Moreover, the g.285C>T SNP of FABP4 gene was not associated with any body weight traits. These results suggested that the g.508C>T SNP of FABP3 genes can be used as molecular markers to select KNC having desirable body weights.

Investigation of SNPs in FABP3 and FABP4 Genes and Their Possible Relationships with Fatty Acid Composition in Broiler

There is limited information of the genetic effect for fatty acid composition in chicken meat. This study assessed the association of FABP3 and FABP4 genes affecting fatty acid composition in broilers. Two single nucleotide poly- morphisms (SNPs) were detected in FABP3 gene and five SNPs were identified in FABP4 gene. The SNPs located in intron 1 and exon 1 of FABP3 and FABP4, respectively, were used for genotyping using PCR-RFLP method. The SNPg.285C >T in FABP4 showed suggestive association with high arachidonic acid (C20 : 4) in CT genotypes (P = 0.068). However, the SNP g.508C > T in FABP3 showed no significant associations with fatty acid composition. These results are the first report to investigate the SNPs in FABP3 and FABP4 genes and their associations with fatty acid composition, although we only found the possible association of FABP4 SNP with fatty acid composition. These results should provide valuable information for further investigation of the genes affecting fatty acid composition in chicken.

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship analyzed by microsatellite markers in eight Indonesian local duck populations

Objective At least eight local duck breeds have been recognized and documented as national germplasm of Indonesia so far. It is necessary to genetically characterize the local duck breeds for aiding conservation and future improvement strategies. Thus, this study was carried out to assess genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of eight local duck populations of Indonesia using microsatellite markers. Methods In total, 240 individuals (30 individuals each population) from Alabio (AL), Bayang (BY), Magelang (MG), Mojosari (MJ), Pegagan (PG), Pitalah (PT), Rambon (RM), and Turi (TR) duck populations were genotyped using 22 microsatellite markers. Results The results showed a moderate level of genetic diversity among populations, with a total of 153 alleles detected over all loci and populations, ranging from 3 to 22 alleles per locus. Observed (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He), as well as polymorphism information content over all loci and populations were 0.440, 0.566, and 0.513, respectively. Heterozygote deficiency in the overall populations (FIT = 0.237), was partly due to the heterozygote deficiency within populations (FIS = 0.114) and moderate level of genetic differentiation among populations (FST = 0.137). The most diverse population was MG (He = 0.545) and the least diverse population was AL (He = 0.368). The majority of populations were relatively in heterozygote deficiency (except AL), due to inbreeding. The genetic distances, phylogenetic trees, and principal coordinates analysis concluded that the populations can be grouped into two major clusters, resulting AL, MG, and MJ in one cluster separated from the remaining populations. Conclusion The present study revealed a considerable genetic diversity of studied populations and thus, proper management strategies should be applied to preserve genetic diversity and prevent loss of alleles.

Sperm Quality of Gembrong Goat in Bali Before and After Freezing

This research aims to study the sperm characteristics of Gembrong goat in Bali before and after freezing, using citrate-egg yolk (CEY) and tris-egg yolk (TEY) diluents. The sperm of six goats was collected using an artificial vagina. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the use of CEY and TEY diluents on motility, viability, and abnormalities of spermatozoa neither before nor after freezing. Before freezing, motility was CEY 85 ± 3.5, TEY 85 ± 2.1; viability was CEY 90 ± 3.5, TEY 92 ± 2.1; and abnormalities were CEY 11 ± 3.5, TEY 10 ± 2, 1, while after freezing, motility was CEY 45 ± 3.5 b, TEY 46 ± 4.1; viability was CEY 70 ± 3.5, TEY 72 ± 4.1; and abnormalities were CEY 15 ± 3.5, TEY 16 ± 4.1. However, the freezing process significantly (p < 0.01) lowered sperm quality in terms of motility, viability, and abnormalities, both for CEY and TEY diluents. In CEY diluent, motility before was 85 ± 3.5 and after was 45 ± 3.5, viability before was 90 ± 3.5 and after was 70 ± 3.5, and abnormalities before were 11 ± 3.5 and after were 15 ± 3.5. In TEY diluent, motility before was 85 ± 2.1 and after was 46 ± 4.1, viability before was 92 ± 2.1 and after was 72 ± 4.1, and abnormalities before were 10 ± 2.1 and after were 16 ± 4.1. Dilution and freezing of Gembrong goat sperm using citrate-egg yolk and tris-egg yolk showed no significant differences, but the freezing process caused a decline in sperm quality.