DZ（朱德彰） Zhu

Nanocrystalline diamond from carbon nanotubes

Structural phase transformation from multiwalled carbon nanotubes to nanocrystalline diamond by hydrogen plasma post-treatment was carried out. Ultrahigh equivalent diamond nucleation density above 1011 nuclei/cm2 was easily obtained. The diamond formation and growth mechanism was proposed to be the consequence of the formation of sp3 bonded amorphous carbon clusters. The hydrogen chemisorption on curved graphite network and the energy deposited on the carbon nanotubes by continuous impingement of activated molecular or atomic hydrogen are responsible for the formation of amorphous carbon matrix. Diamond nucleates and grows in the way similar to that of diamond chemical vapor deposition processes on amorphous carbon films.

Large-area uniform nanodot arrays embedded in porous anodic alumina

A three-step method combining physical vapour deposition, grazing ion milling and thermal annealing techniques for large-area fabrication of nanodot arrays in anodic alumina oxide (AAO) templates is demonstrated. By this method, ordered arrays of Ni and Au nanodots with highly uniform diameters and a density of 1.2 ? 1010?cm?2 were fabricated. The diameter and packing density of the nanodots can be controlled by the cell parameters of the AAO template. The fabrication method presented here can be extended to many other materials and allows further investigation of the size related characteristics of nanodot structures.

Large-area fabrication of periodic Fe nanorings with controllable aspect ratios in porous alumina templates.

Highly uniform Fe nanoring arrays in porous anodic alumina templates are fabricated by physical vapour deposition and grazing ion milling techniques. The nanorings have aspect ratios ranging from 0.8 to 4, depending on the deposition conditions. The outer diameter of the individual nanorings, and the area density and distribution patterns are completely determined by the template used. Selected-area electron diffraction reveals that these nanorings have a polycrystalline microstructure. The nanoring fabrication method demonstrated here can be extended to other materials.

Synthesis of carbon nanotube arrays using ethanol in porous anodic aluminum oxide template

Carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays confined by porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template were synthesized using ethanol as reactant carbon source at low pressure. Images by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and low magnification transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that these CNTs have highly uniform outer diameter and length, absolutely controlled by the diameter and depth of nano-channel arrays of the AAO. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) imaging indicates that the graphitization of the CNT walls is better than the results reported on this kind of template-based CNT arrays, although it is not so good as that of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) synthesized by catalysis. CNTs synthesized using acetylene as reactant gas show much less graphitization than those prepared using ethanol by comparing the results of HRTEM and Raman spectroscopy. The etching effects of decomposed OH radicals on the amorphous carbon and the roughness of AAO nano-channel arrays on the CNTs growth were employed to explain the graphitization and growth of the CNTs.

Enhanced field emission from nano-graphite coated carbon nanotubes

An effective method by low energy carbonhydrogen ion treatment to enhance field emission of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is demonstrated. Comparing with control, field emission (FE) currents of the CNTs by carbonhydrogen ion irradiation increased, and the turn-on field and the threshold field decreased significantly. The structure characteristic revealed by transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that CNTs are coated by nano-graphite particles after being treated with low energy carbonhydrogen ion and that there are large quantities of defects and grain boundaries in the coated layer. It is considered that the coating layer can decrease the effective surface work function of CNTs and correspondingly increase field emission. In addition, die defects, the grain boundaries and the C-H dipoles forming in the process of the low energy ions irradiation can effectively enhance the field emission.

Selective growth of diamond by hot filament CVD using patterned carbon film as mask

Selected-area deposition (SAD) of diamond films was achieved on silicon substrates with carbon film mask by hot filament chemical vapor deposition. Needle tip scraped lines were used to grow diamond films. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigation demonstrates that highly selective and sharp edged diamond films were produced. The results also demonstrate that the proper substrate temperature is very important for diamond selective growth in this deposition process. Since the enhancement of diamond growth was not observed on the needle tip scraped area of Si wafer with diamond powder scratching, the selective growth was considered to be closely correlated to silicon carbide formed during carbon film deposition and the residual carbon in the scraped area.

Highly (111)-textured diamond film growth with high nucleation density

In a traditional hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HF-CVD) system, highly (111)-textured diamond film was deposited on Si (111) substrate treated by diamond powder ultrasonic scratching or other methods. The relationship between the (111)-textured diamond film growth and the nucleation density has been discussed. The morphologies and structures of the films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy.