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Dive into the research topics where Earl Brill is active.

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Featured researches published by Earl Brill.


Science | 1970

Bladder cancer induction by aromatic amines: role of N-hydroxy metabolites.

Jack L. Radomski; Earl Brill

Repeated installation of N-hydroxy-2 naphthylamine into dog bladders produced tumors of this organ. There is a correlation of degree of carcinogenicity of 1-naphthylamine, 2-naphthylamine, and 4-aminobiphenyl with both methemoglobin production in the blood and concentration of N-oxidation products in the urine. Thus, N-hydroxylation appears to be the key to bladder cancer production by aromatic amines.


Archives of Toxicology | 1971

The role of N-oxidation products of aromatic amines in the induction of bladder cancer in the dog

Jack L. Radomski; Earl Brill

Highly sensitive gas chromatographic methods for the determination of the N-hydroxy and nitroso derivatives of 1- and 2-naphthylamine, and 4-amino-biphenyl in urine have been developed. Dogs given a single oral 70 mg/kg dose of 1-naphthylamine were found to excrete almost as much of these N-oxidation products as dogs given the same dose of 2-naphthylamine. However, when 5 mg/kg of 2-naphthylamine was given, a total of approximately 0.2% of the administered dose was found in the urine as N-oxidation products, while the same dose of 1-naphthylamine produced only faint traces. The N-oxidation products present were 2-naphthylhydroxylamine and 2-nitrosonaphthalene. In addition, blood methemoglobin production, a measure of the level of N-hydroxylation occurring, observed with 2-naphthylamine was much greater than with 1-naphthylamine at the 70 mg/kg dose. 4-Aminobiphenyl, the most potent carcinogen, produced even higher levels of N-oxidation products in the urine and blood methemoglobin than 2-naphthylamine. These results indicate that N-oxidation may be a key process in the production of bladder cancer by 2-naphthylamine and 4-aminobiphenyl.ZusammenfassungHochempfindliche gaschromatographische Methoden zur Bestimmung der N-Hydroxy- und -nitrosoderivate von 1- und 2-Naphthylamin und 4-Aminobiphenyl im Harn wurden entwickelt. Hunde schieden nach einer einzelnen oralen Dosis von 70 mg/kg 1-Naphthylamin ebenso viel N-Oxydationsprodukte aus wie Hunde nach der gleichen Dosis 2-Naphthylamin. Werden jedoch 5 mg/kg 2-Naphthylamin verabfolgt, findet man insgesamt ungefähr 0,2% der verabfolgten Dosis als N-Oxydationsprodukte im Harn, während die gleiche Dosis 1-Naphthylamin nur geringe Spuren erzeugt. Die gefundenen N-Oxydationsprodukte waren 2-Naphthylhydroxylamin und 2-Nitrosonaphthalm. Außerdern war die Bildung von Methämoglobin im Blut, ein Maß für die stattfindende N-Hydroxylierung, bei 2-Naphthylamin viel größer als bei 1-Naphthylamin nach der Dosis von 70 mg/kg. 4-Aminobiphenyl, das stärkste Karzinogen, erzeugte noch höhere Spiegel an N-Oxydationsprodukten im Harn und Methämoglobin im Blut als 2-Naphthylamin. Diese Ergebnisse weisen auf die N-Oxydation als einen Schlüsselprozeß bei der Erzeugung von Blasenkrebs durch 2-Naphthylamin und 4-Aminobiphenyl hin.


Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences | 1969

Diethyl azodicarboxylate oxidation of some carcinogenic arylhydroxylamines to nitroso derivatives

Earl Brill

Eine schnelle und wirksame Methode für die Oxydation von N, 1- und N, 2-Naphthylhydroxylamin und N, 4-Biphenylhydroxylamin wird beschrieben, bei der diese Hydroxylamine durch Diethylazodicarboxylat zu den entsprechenden Nitrosoderivaten, in hoher Ausbeute umgewandelt werden.


Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences | 1974

The oxidation of some carcinogenic arylhydroxylamines to nitroso derivatives with manganese dioxide

Earl Brill

Oxidation von N, 1-Naphthyl-N, 2-Naphthyl-, N, 2-Fluorenyl-, N, 4-Biphenyl-, N, 3-Dibenzofuranyl, und N, Phenylhydroxylamin mit Mangandioxyd ergibt nach kurzer Reaktionszeit entsprechende Nitrosoderivate bei hoher Ausbeute.


Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences | 1965

2-amino-1,4-naphthoquinone-N4,2-naphtylimine. A photo-oxidation product of 2-aminonaphthalene

Earl Brill; J. L. Radomski

Es wurde gezeigt, dass das Chinonimin 2-Amino-1,4-naphtochinon-N4-2-naphtylamin die Farbe von gealtertem Ö1 in der 2-Aminonaphtalinlösung verursacht. Diese farbige Verbindung entsteht durch die Photooxydation des Amins und scheint eine wichtige Rolle für die erhöhte krebserzeugende Wirksamkeit des alten Öls zu spielen.


Biochemical Pharmacology | 1965

The role of hydroxyamines in bladder cancer. I. Fluorescence studies of the bladder mucosa of dogs fed 2-aminonapthalene.

Earl Brill; Jack L. Radomski

Abstract Fluorescence spectroscopy of the bladder mucosa of dogs given the bladder carcinogen 2-aminonaphthalene revealed the presence of a fluorescent metabolite displaying maxima at 400 mμ and 440 mμ at 340 mμ excitation. Control dog bladder mucosa displayed a single maximum of lower intensity at 440 mμ. The same fluorescence spectrum was obtained after the in-vitro interaction of the 2-amino-1-naphthyl sulfate with control dog bladder mucosa. However, other 2-amino-1-naphthol derivatives displayed the same fluorescence maxima under these conditions. The fluorescence is completely removed by dialysis of the bladder mucosa and also disappears if the ingestion of the 2-aminonaphthalene is discontinued for a few days. The metabolite was identified as 2-amino-1-naphthyl sulfate by paper chromatography. No other metabolites of 2-aminonaphthalene were detected.


Cancer Research | 1971

Carcinogenicity Testing of N-Hydroxy and Other Oxidation and Decomposition Products of 1- and 2-Naphthylamine

Jack L. Radomski; Earl Brill; Wm.B. Deichmann; E. M. Glass


Journal of the National Cancer Institute | 1973

N-Oxidation of Certain Aromatic Amines, Acetamides, and Nitro Compounds by Monkeys and Dogs

Jack L. Radomski; Gaylord M. Conzelman; Alberto A. Rey; Earl Brill


Biochemical Pharmacology | 1968

Increased metabolic N-oxidation of 2-naphthylamine in dogs after phenobarbital pretreatment

H. Uehleke; Earl Brill


Cancer Research | 1973

Evidence for a Glucuronic Acid Conjugate of N -Hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl in the Urine of Dogs Given 4-Aminobiphenyl

Jack L. Radomski; Alberto A. Rey; Earl Brill

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H. Uehleke

University of Tübingen

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