Ebru Olgun Erdemir

Effect of Initial Periodontal Therapy on Oxidative Stress Markers in Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Saliva, and Serum in Smokers and Non-Smokers With Chronic Periodontitis

BACKGROUND The aim of this case-control study with an intervention arm is to determine the effect of initial periodontal treatment on oxidative stress biomarkers in smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis (CP). METHODS The study included 47 patients with CP (24 smokers [S+P+] and 23 non-smokers [S-P+]) and 46 periodontally healthy individuals (23 smokers [S+P-] and 23 non-smokers [S-P-]) for a total of 93 participants. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), serum, and saliva samples were obtained and clinical periodontal measurements were recorded at baseline and at the first and third months after periodontal therapy. 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (OHdG) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) and enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The level of 8-OHdD in GCF was found to be significantly higher in both periodontitis groups compared with both periodontally healthy groups. 8-OHdG and GSH-Px in saliva in both periodontitis groups were significantly increased compared with the S-P- group. In the S+P+ group, 4-HNE in GCF was found to be significantly higher than in periodontally healthy participants. After initial periodontal treatment, the levels of 8-OHdG in GCF and saliva were significantly decreased in both periodontitis groups. CONCLUSION Initial periodontal therapy may be helpful for diminishing oxidative stress in periodontitis.

Periodontal health in children exposed to passive smoking

AIM To determine (1) the cotinine levels of saliva, urine and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of children in families with and without smoking members and (2) a possible association between the periodontal health of the children and exposure to passive smoking. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study population comprised of 109 children in the age range 6-12 years. Children were classified as exposed to passive tobacco smoking (PTS-exposed, n=51) and as unexposed controls (PTS-unexposed, n=58). Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing depth and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. GCF, saliva and urine samples were also collected. The levels of cotinine in these fluids were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The mean salivary cotinine concentration was significantly increased in PTS-exposed children compared with PTS-unexposed children (p<0.05). Further, in a dose-dependent way, the mean salivary concentration was significantly higher in children whose father or mother was a smoker (p<0.05) as compared, respectively, with children whose fathers and mothers were non-smokers. The mean CAL was significantly less in PTS-exposed children compared with non-PTS-exposed children (0.09 mm; p<0.05) and also in children whose father was a smoker (p<0.05), but not in children whose mother was a smoker as compared with non-smoker fathers and mothers, respectively. The GCF cotinine levels were below the detection limits with the assay method that was used. CONCLUSIONS We have observed that children who are exposed to passive smoking have elevated cotinine levels in their saliva concomitant with a lowered CAL.

The Adjunctive Effect of Platelet-Rich Fibrin to Connective Tissue Graft in the Treatment of Buccal Recession Defects: Results of a Randomized, Parallel-Group Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous preparation that has encouraging effects in healing and regeneration. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of coronally advanced flap (CAF) + connective tissue graft (CTG) + PRF in Miller Class I and II recession treatment compared to CAF + CTG. METHODS Forty patients were treated surgically with either CAF + CTG + PRF (test group) or CAF + CTG (control group). Clinical parameters of plaque index, gingival index, vertical recession (VR), probing depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized tissue width (KTW), horizontal recession (HR), mucogingival junction localization, and tissue thickness (TT) were recorded at baseline and 3 and 6 months after surgery. Root coverage (RC), complete RC (CRC), attachment gain (AG), and keratinized tissue change (KTC) were also calculated. RESULTS All individuals completed the entire study period. At baseline, mean VR, HR, CAL, KTW, and TT values were similar (P >0.05). In both groups, all parameters showed significant improvement after treatment (P <0.001), and except TT (P <0.05), no intergroup difference was observed at 6 months after surgery. The amount of RC and AG, but not KTC and CRC, was higher in the PRF-applied group (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS According to the results, the addition of PRF did not further develop the outcomes of CAF + CTG treatment except increasing the TT. However, this single trial is not sufficient to advocate the true clinical effect of PRF on recession treatment with CAF + CTG, and additional trials are needed.

Crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-8, interleukin-17 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after regenerative periodontal therapy.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of regenerative periodontal therapy on clinical parameters and interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-17 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of subjects with chronic periodontitis (CP). Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients received demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) surgically to the site of infrabony defect. Clinical periodontal indices were recorded, and GCF samples were collected at baseline and at the 6 th and the 9 th month after the surgery. Results: Except plaque index, all clinical parameters improved following surgery (P < 0.05). The volume of GCF diminished from baseline to follow-up periods (P < 0.05). However, no effect was observed on the total amount of IL-8, IL-17 and sICAM-1 in GCF. Conclusion: DFDBA improved clinical outcome in CP subjects and was effective on decreasing the volume of GCF, but no effect was determined on IL-8, IL-17 and sICAM-1. Findings did not indicate a direct relationship between biochemical parameters and periodontal healing after demineralized freeze-dried bone grafting.

The comparative effect of propolis in two different vehicles; mouthwash and chewing-gum on plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation

Objective: In general, chemical plaque agents have been used in mouthwashes, gels, and dentifrices. In some situations, application of mouthwashes and dentifrices can be difficult. Therefore, different approaches for oral health-care have been needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of propolis chewing-gum compared to propolis-containing mouthwash on gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation on patients that refrained from daily oral hygiene procedures for 5 days. Materials and Methods: 10 college students with systemically healthy and very good oral hygiene and gingival health were included in this randomized, single-blind, crossover 5-day plaque regrowth with a 3-day washout period clinical study. After plaque scores were reduced to zero, participants were asked to refrain from oral hygiene procedures and allocated to either propolis mouthwash or chewing-gum group. Chewing-gum was performed after meals 3 times a day for 20 min mouthwash group was instructed to rinse mouthwash 2 times a day for 1 min. On day 5, the clinical periodontal measurements containing plaque and gingival indexes were taken from the participants. Results: The both plaque and gingival indexes of propolis mouthwash group were significantly lower than that of the propolis chewing-gum group (P = 0.005). Conclusion: It was demonstrated that the propolis mouthwash was more effective than the propolis chewing gum on the plaque inhibition and the gingival inflammation.

Evaluation of Salivary Procalcitonin Levels in Different Periodontal Diseases

BACKGROUND The present study aims to investigate the levels of salivary procalcitonin (ProCT) in patients with different periodontal diseases. METHODS Seventy-two non-smokers are included in this study: 21 individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP), 14 individuals with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP), 18 individuals with gingivitis (G), and 19 periodontally healthy (H) participants. Clinical periodontal parameters, including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index, and gingival index (GI), were assessed in all participants. Saliva samples were collected and examined for evaluating ProCT levels. RESULTS It was found that the median (interquartile range) salivary ProCT level was lowest in the H group: 0.00 (0.09) ng/mL; followed by the G group: 0.09 (0.11) ng/mL; the CP group: 0.15 (0.29) ng/mL; and highest in the GAgP group 0.28 (0.68) ng/mL. These differences were statistically significant between the H group and the other groups (P <0.05). There were positive correlations between the mean salivary ProCT level and GI, CAL, and PD. CONCLUSION According to the present results, ProCT might play a role during periodontal inflammation, and an elevated salivary ProCT level is suggested as a potential biomarker for periodontal diseases.

Periodontal hastalıkta ileri oksidasyon protein ürünleri ve monosit kemoatraktan protein-1

Amac: Calismanin amaci periodontal hastalikli ve saglikli bireylerde diseti olugu sivisi (DOS) ileri oksidasyon protein urunleri (AOPP) ve monosit kemoatraktan protein-1 (MCP)-1seviyelerini belirlemekti. Gerec ve Yontem: 25 kronik periodontitisli (KP), 25 gingivitisli (G) ve 25 periodontal saglikli (S) toplam da 75 sigara icmeyen birey calismaya dahil edildi. Sondalanabilir cep derinligi (SCD), klinik atasman seviyesi (KAS), plak indeksi (PI) ve gingival indeks (GI) kaydedildi. Her bireyde 4 alandan DOS ornekleri toplandi ve DOS AOPP ve MCP-1 seviyeleri enzim bagli immunosorbent analizi ile belirlendi. Bulgular: DOS AOPP ve MCP-1 seviyeleri en dusuk S grupta; ardindan G grubunda ve en yuksek KP grubunda idi. Bu farkliliklar G ve S gruplari ile KP ve diger gruplar arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli farkliydi (p <.05). DOS AOPP ve MCP-1 seviyeleri arasinda pozitif istatistiksel korelasyon bulundu. Sonuc: Periodontal inflamasyon sirasinda DOS AOPP ve MCP-1 seviyeleri onemli bir rol oynayabilir ve artmis DOS AOPP ve MCP-1 seviyeleri, periodontal hastaliklar icin potansiyel bir biyolojik belirtec olarak onerilebilir.

PERİODONTİTİS VE DİABETES MELLİTUS: ÇİFT YÖNLÜ İLİŞKİ

Periodontitis ve diabetes mellitus (DM) toplumda yaygin gorulen kronik hastaliklardir. Periodontitis bakteriyel plak ve konak immun yaniti arasindaki dengenin bozulmasindan kaynaklanan dislerin destek dokularinin (periodontal ligament ve kemik) yikimiyla karakterize dis kaybiyla sonuclanabilen kronik inflamatuar bir durumdur. Diabetes mellitus insulin hormon sekresyonunun yoklugu / yetersizligi veya insulin direnci ile karakterize cesitli komplikasyonlarla kendini gosteren karbonhidrat, yag ve protein metabolizma bozuklugu hastaligidir. Periodontitis son donemlerde diyabetin klasik komplikasyonlarindan biri halini almistir. Epidemiyolojik veriler diyabetin periodontitis icin major risk faktoru oldugunu ve diyabetiklerin diyabetik olmayanlara gore periodontitise daha yatkin oldugunu gostermektedir. Bu iki kronik hastalik arasinda karsilikli iliski oldugu bilinmektedir. Cesitli hucresel, immunolojik yollarin ve sitokinlerin rolu oldugu belirlenmis olsa da mekanizma halen tam olarak anlasilamamistir.

KRON-KÖPRÜ RESTORASYONLARINDA SEKONDER ÇÜRÜĞÜN RADYOLOJİK VE KLİNİK OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of visual assessment of teeth restored with crowns or fixed partial dentures with the outcome of the radiographic evaluation and evaluate the inter observer agreement. Ninety three randomly selected patients who underwent restorations with fixed prostheses were included in the study. A total of 372 restorations (228 interproximal surfaces of 114 single crowns and 516 interproximal surfaces of 258 fixed partial denture retainer crowns) were investigated by two observers clinically, with the use of the criteria modified by Zoellner et al, and radiographically for interproximal carious lesions. The extension of the lesions was rated to be initial (with no cavitation), early (with cavitation limited to orthodentin), or deep (with cavitation). Statistically significant differences were determined by use of the Pearson’s chi square test (P<.05). The diagnostic accuracy of the radiographic surveys and clinical examination for secondary caries was assessed by means of ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) curve analysis. Kappa analysis was used to determine the inter observer agreement. In this study there were statistically significant differences between secondary caries and age, DMFT, DMFS, longevity of restorations and type of the material used were statistically significant (p<0.01). The areas under the ROC curve for panoramic survey, bitewing survey and clinical examination regarding secondary caries was respectively 0.932, 0.991, 0.988 for Observer A and 0.916, 0.984, 0.979 respectively for Observer B. The interobserver agreement was substantial for clinical evaluation (κ= 0.680) and panoramic survey (κ= 0.720) and almost perfect for bitewing survey