Eddy Supriyono

LAJU PENYERAPAN INSEKTISIDA TRIKLORFON PADA UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju penyerapan dan rasio biokonsentrasi insektisida triklorfon dalam tubuh udang windu pada tingkat konsentrasi pemaparan yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap menggunakan akuarium. Bahan uji yang digunakan adalah formulasi insektisida triklorfon serta hewan uji adalah pasca larva udang windu. Perlakuan adalah tingkatan pemaparan insektisida triklorfon, yaitu 0,0037 mg/L; 0,0110 mg/L; dan 0,0183 mg/L dalam air laut bersalinitas 20 ppt. Analisis residu triklorfon dalam sampel udang windu dan air diekstraksi, kemudian diidentifikasi menggunakan kromatografi gas cairan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju penyerapan insektisida triklorfon oleh udang windu pada perlakuan 0,0110 mg/L dan 0,0183 mg/L tidak berbeda nyata tetapi keduanya berbeda dengan perlakuan 0,0037 mg/L. Laju penyerapan secara berurutan sebesar 0,0049 mg/kg/jam; 0,0088 mg/kg/jam, dan 0,0086 mg/kg/jam masing-masing pada perlakuan 0,0037 mg/L; 0,0110 mg/L, dan 0,0183 mg/L. Rasio biokonsentrasi triklorfon dalam tubuh udang windu semakin kecil dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi triklorfon, yaitu dengan nilai 2,4545; 1,6132; dan 1,3373 masing-masing pada perlakuan 0,0037 mg/L: 0,0110 mg/L, dan 0,0183 mg/L. The experiment aimed to study the uptake and bioconcentration ratio of trichlorfon insecticide in tiger prawn at different exposure concentration. The study was conducted using the aquarium in the laboratory condition. Test material is trichlorfon insecticide and test animal is post larvae of tiger prawn. Treatments were 0.0037 mg/L, 0.0110 mg/L, and 0.0183 mg/L of trichlorfon insecticide by dissolved in water on 20 ppt. Shrimp and water sample were extracted then identified liquid gas chromatography. The results of the experiment shohwed that uptake of trichlorfon insecticide is not different at 0.0110 mg/L and 0.0183 mg/L and both are different with 0.0037 mg/L with the uptake rate are 0.0049, 0.0088 and 0.0086 mg/kg/h at 0.0037 mg/L, 0.0110 mg/L, and 0.0183 mg/L, respectively. Bioconcentration ratio of trichlorfon in tiger prawn were decreasing while treatment concentration was increasing, that are 2.4545, 1.6132, and 1.3373 at the treatment 0.0037 mg/L, 0.0110 mg/L, 0.0183 mg/L, respectively.

Acute and sublethal toxicity of copper in Siam-catfish juvenile Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

This study was aimed to determine the level of acute toxicity (LC50) and to analyze the effect of Cu on the survival, growth, haematological, and bioaccumulation of Cu in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus juvenile at sublethal conditions. The experiment trial used completely randomized design with five concentration treatments and two replications to determine LC 50 . The Cu concentration used were 0, 0.2, 0.7, 1.2, and 1.7 ppm. Sublethal treatment used four Cu concentrations with three replicates. The concentrations were 0, 0.167, 0.334 and 0.667 ppm. Experimental fish used had an average total length 11.0±1.7 cm and weight 13.00±1.72 g. Results showed that Cu was highly toxic to P. hypophthalmus with a LC 50 -96 hours value of 0.667 ppm (0.539–0.805 ppm). At sublethal concentrations, Cu significantly decreased survival and growth, and increased Cu accumulation started from concentration of 0.167 ppm. Bioaccumulation of Cu started from the highest were in liver, gills, skin and flesh, respectively. Decreased of erythrocytes, haemoglobin and hematocrit indicated anemia, while increased of leukocytes indicated infection and physical stress on the body tissues.